Unit 3 Prefixes and suffixes ＆ Organs of the body

Quiz Fill in the blank with proper words. 1.My pen ____________. I cannot find it. (appear) 2.The book is on the top shelf. I’m so short that I am _________ to reach it. (able) 3.It’s ___________ for him to catch the early bus. Because he got up too late this morning. (possible) 4. __________________ leads to quarreling. (understand) disappeared unable impossible Misunderstanding

6.Miss Wang is a __________. She loves her job writing novels. (novel) 5.Mr Li is _____________. He is always helping others and is a good citizen. (respect) 6.Miss Wang is a __________. She loves her job writing novels. (novel) 7.The teacher’s words were a great _________________ to him. (encourage) 8.Hangzhou is so ____________that it attracts many visitors. (beauty) 9.There was some _________ about the age of the mummies. No one knew the exact time.(agree) respectable novelist encouragement beautiful disagreement

disagreement suffix(后缀) root (词根) prefix(前缀) Prefix: a group of letters that is added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning. Suffix: a letter or a group of letters added to the end of a word to make a different word.

Prefix Example Meaning anti- anti-cloning against, opposed to dis- disappear not, opposite of un- unfair incorrect in- il- im- ir- illegal not, without immoral irresponsible pre- preview early, before pro- pro-cloning in favor of, supporting recreate again re- More examples

Suffix Example Meaning -able -ful -ist -less -ment -ness worthy of, able to be -able comfortable full of, characterized by -ful cheerful someone who does something -ist scientist hopeless -less without indicate a state or condition -ment agreement indicate a quality, state or character -ness dryness

Competition Let’s see who can list more examples with the prefixes and suffixes.

Prefix Example Meaning de- decompose, declassify apart, from分开解散 de- decompose, declassify maltreatment, malnutrition mal- badly, ill non- non-smoker, non-alcoholic, non-profit not international, interaction, interrupt inter- between tele- telescope, telegram, telecommunication far off远程

Prefix Example Meaning transport, translate, transnational across trans- mis- misunderstand, mislead, misdeed wrong sub- subtitle, subway, submarine under over- overeat, overwork, overact too much过多

Some other commonly used suffixes cultural, national, original of or concerning -al invitation, competition, protection action or condition of… -ion hardship, scholarship, relationship state of being, skill -ship condition or state of… -dom freedom, kingdom, childish, selfish of the nature of… -ish

-proof waterproof, fireproof, soundproof protect against make or become -en widen, sharpen, shorten eastward, homeward, backward -ward in the direction of -like womanlike, childlike similar to

Let’s fill in the blanks with what we learned just now. disrespect hopeless illegal uncertain understandable I think cutting down trees should be made ______and tighter laws should be introduced. So many people are showing their _______ for nature; they don’t seem to care that they are destroying the environment. Sometimes I think we’re fighting a _______battle against people who just don’t listen. I know scientists have worked hard to achieve scientific breakthroughs but it’s _______whether they’ll ever succeed totally. Although it’s ___________ that they want to advance technology, I think some things are best left the way they are. illegal disrespect hopeless uncertain understandable

Are you familiar with your body Are you familiar with your body? Work in pairs and name the parts of your body as many as you can. hair forehead eyelid shoulder ear eyebrow neck eye finger nose mouth wrist hand ankle arm foot leg knee toe

Can you name more parts of your body? Let’s try. throat trachea lung stomach heart liver gallbladder alvine large intestine

heart brain lungs liver kidney stomach What are their functions? Control the other organs Use the oxygen we breathe brain Pass the blood around the body lungs heart liver stomach Store the food we eat kidney Clean the blood Remove waste products from the blood and produce urine

Activity 1 Believe it or not If you compare our body to our school life, you will be amazed how similar they are!

Remove waste products from the blood and produce urine BODY VERSUS SCHOOL Control the other organs Control the other organs Headmaster brain Pass the blood around the body heart 知识 Teacher Student Cleaners and security guards Use the oxygen we breathe lungs liver School life Notebook Clean the blood (oxygen) Clean the blood Remove waste products from the blood and produce urine stomach Store the food we eat Remove waste products from the blood and produce urine kidney

Fill in the blanks with the names of body parts . Think of the body like a school. At the top of the school is the headmaster, known as the _____. This is the organ that controls the rest of the organs, just like the headmaster controls the school. After this comes the _____. It is like a teacher. This organ passes the blood around the body so it can run well. This is similar to the knowledge a teacher gives to students. Next is the _____, which is the student. This organ is the only one that can re-grow itself . It helps to clean the blood. This is like knowledge students get from teachers. Students always grow with newly found knowledge . The _____are the organs of the body that use the oxygen we breathe. Think of the oxygen as the life you lead at school . The _______ is very useful as it stores the food we eat until we can digest it properly. This is similar to the learning process. We store the information until we need to use it. So this organ is like a notebook. The ______are the organs that brain heart liver lungs stomach kidneys

remove waste products from the blood and produce urine. They are like the cleaners, repairmen and security guards who look after your school. The last major organ is the bladder. This is the organ that removes our waste. Not all the information you get at school is kept . The undesirable elements are removed. Now you can see how similar your school life is to your body and you can look after them both.

Homework: 1.Revise what we learned in this class . 2.Find out from your Biology teacher the names of other major parts of the body.Then find their English names in your dictionary.

Bye-bye!