Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal

Early Life Wealthy family Excellent marksman and horseman Harvard Boxing and wrestling

William McKinley Passed the Dingley Tariff Highest protective tariff in American History Led our country through the Spanish-American War and foreign conflicts with China Showed the opportunities possible with imperialism Assassinated Shot by an anarchist who was currently unemployed Leon Czolgosz Shot September 5, 1901 Thought was going to survive but developed gangrene around his wounds and died 8 days after being shot

Roosevelt was picked to run as V.P. With McKinley NY state leaders found him “impossible” to control TR took over in 1901 - 1909 the youngest president at age 42. Political experience -served in the NY State Assembly -NY police commissioner -NY Governor -assistant secretary of U.S. Navy.

The Rough Riders Volunteer cavalry brigade Used in the Spanish-American War at the battle of San Juan Hill in Cuba. Roosevelt returned a hero after the defeat

Modern Presidency Government should assume control when states proved they couldn’t deal with problems. “bully pulpit” – used to influence media and shape legislation

Square Deal – The 3 C’s Roosevelt’s plan to sponsor various progressive reforms Conservation of natural resources Control of corporations Consumer protection.

Using Federal Power Square Deal- reform programs sponsored by the Roosevelt administration Trust busting trusts hold stock control how a business is run Sherman Antitrust Act stop monopolies and unfair business practices.

Coal Strike (1902) demands by workers caused a strike 140,000 workers went on strike Demanded a 20% raise and a 9 hour work day Roosevelt intervened on behalf of the interests and safety of the public

Election of 1904 Republican – Theodore Roosevelt Democrat – Alton Parker first time that a president not originally elected to the office succeeded in retaining the presidency

“Big Stick Diplomacy” December 1904 Roosevelt Corollary Nations with debts to U.S. were expected to fulfill them without argument The United States would intervene as a last result to ensure that other Did not want to invite “foreign aggression to the detriment of the entire body of American nations. Don’t mess with the U.S. or anyone we have interest with

Roosevelt won the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize Russo-Japanese War Dispute over who controlled Manchuria Treaty of Portsmouth Negotiations in Portsmouth, New Hampshire Led by Teddy Roosevelt Affirmed Japanese presence in southern Manchuria Kept the countries out of a war Roosevelt won the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize

Provided consistency within the RR system. Railroad Regulation Interstate Commerce Act Railroad couldn’t set high prices Interstate Commerce Commission Enforce the act Elkins Act Couldn’t give or receive rebates for use Hepburn Act Limited free railroad passes Provided consistency within the RR system.

Health Regulating Food and Drugs after reading Upton Sinclair’s, The Jungle, a commission investigated the meatpacking industry.

1906, Pure Food and Drug Act Stopped the sale of contaminated foods and medicines Called for truth in labeling

1906, Meat Inspection Act was passed Strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers Created the federal meat inspection program

Environment Conservation measures Yosemite National Park established 1.5 million acres of water power sites U.S. Geological Survey for mineral and water resources set aside land 50 wildlife sanctuaries National parks 148 million acres for Yosemite 80 million acres of land for

National Reclamation Act (Newlands Act) -money from the sale of public land funded irrigation projects -established the federal government would manage water resources

Civil Rights Roosevelt failed to support civil rights for African Americans on a large scale. Advocates for equality joined together to form the NAACP- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1909.