Phonics Meeting January 2017

Aims To demonstrate how we teach phonics throughout Paulton Infant School from EYFS to Year 2 To give you a broad understanding of phonics in EYFS and how this is taught To introduce you to ‘Letters and Sounds’ and give you an overview of the different phases we teach throughout EYFS and KS1 To inform you about the Phonics Check that happens at the end of Year 1 To give you hints and tips about how you can help your child with phonics at home

o t s What is Phonics? ay ph sh sh i p = ship Recognise sounds that each letter makes o t s Recognise sounds that combinations of letters make ay ph sh Blend these together to make a word sh i p = ship

Phonemes and Graphemes What is a phoneme? A single unit of sound, there are only 26 letters in the alphabet so sometimes letter combinations are used to make a sound For example: ea, ph, ll There are 44 phonemes What is a grapheme? A grapheme is the written representation of a phoneme Here is a phoneme. What do you mean- you can’t see anything? Of course you can’t see anything. It’s a phoneme. You can only hear a phoneme.

Phonemes pig through shrink claps teacher eight found stairs Test your phonemic awareness! A phoneme is a single unit of sound. Every time you do something different with your lips, teeth, tongue, you are making a new sound. How many phonemes can you hear in the following words? pig through shrink claps teacher eight found stairs

Phonemes pig p/i/g – 3 through th/r/ough - 3 shrink sh/r/i/n/k – 5 claps c/l/a/p/s - 5 teacher t/ea/ch/er – 4 eight eigh/t – 2 found f/ou/n/d – 4 stairs s/t/air/s - 4

Graphemes Here is a grapheme. A grapheme is a letter or group of letters which represent a phoneme.

Digraphs and Trigraphs When 2 letters are needed to represent a phoneme, it is called a digraph as in: sh oa ai th If 3 letters are needed, it’s called a trigraph. igh air ear

Split Digraphs How to split a digraph… A split digraph is when the 2 letters representing the phoneme are not together in the word, such as… time pane Rome . In ‘time’ the ‘i’ and the ‘e’ represent the long vowel phoneme but they are not together in the word.

EYFS- Phase 2 Letters and Sounds To teach 19 letter sounds (phonemes) and their graphemes Move children onto blending and segmenting to read words Learn to read some high frequency tricky words

EYFS ~ Sound Buttons

Decodable words Tricky words c a t d o g a n d to no the

Phase 3 To teach another 25 letter sounds (phonemes) and their graphemes, most of them with two letters e.g. sh, oa, ng Learn letter names To read and begin to spell some tricky words

Phase 4 When beginning Phase 4, children will know a grapheme for all phonemes The main aim of this phase is to consolidate the children's knowledge from Phase 2 and Phase 3 Children will learn to read and spell words which have adjacent consonants, such as trap, string and milk

Phase 4 Trap String Milk

Phase 4 (Tricky Words) so like come were said have when one some little do out there what

How can you help? Read daily and record into yellow reading records at least weekly Practise words from word bags Red words - must be sight read; white words are decodable (use sound buttons) Use letter sounds, not letter names for sounding out

Year 1 Your children are now in Key Stage 1 This is the start of the National Curriculum First encounter of a DfE test at the end of this year Phonics Screening Check

Year 1 Expectations By the end of Year 1 children are expected to be independently and confidently reading and writing words containing all of the phonemes and graphemes from Letters and Sounds

What is the Phonics Screening Check? A quick and easy check of children’s phonic knowledge Divided into 2 sections each section containing 20 words, a mix of real words and non-words. Real words Alien Words

What is the Phonics Screening Check? Children work 1:1 with their teacher for approximately 9 minutes It is a test of decoding skills Pass mark has in the past been 32 / 40 although this is subject to change and we are not informed until after the test The majority of children are expected to be able to pass this test The National Average was 81% 2015 - 2016

How can you help? Take some time to familiarise yourself with the sounds and how phonics works Practise little and often Sound spot (look for digraphs, trigraphs and split digraphs first) Use your finger Don’t guess Sound out aloud Blend the word together Coming soon – Phonics page on the website! If your child is struggling, use sound buttons to help If you need any support, please come and ask any of us You can’t sound out every words- some you will just need to know

End of Year 1 Increased Government expectation but achievable expectation for the majority of children We recognise that every child learns at different rates We do personalise learning and we will support children as best we can We really need your support with this at home

Year 2 Children For those that don’t pass, children will need to retake the test in Year 2 and will be expected to pass Even though your child can retake the test, the curriculum in Year 2 has a very different focus and moves on Children will need to be in intervention groups and may need extra support to help them to pass the check at the end of the year.

Phonics in Year 2 ~ Phase 6 Automatically read familiar words Able to decode unfamiliar words Decode complex words by sounding them out The main aim is for children to become more fluent readers and more accurate spellers

Phonics in Year 2 In Year 2 the teaching of graphemes and phonemes within the whole class stops although the children are still expected to use these within their reading and writing We begin learning about spelling rules Suffixes, prefixes Homophones Adverbs Accurate spelling Common exception words

Suffixes ~ Ending of words est ed ful ment ness ing er y less

Suffixes ~ Spelling Rules jump + ed = jumped smile + ed = smileed jog + ed = jogged

Year 2 ~ Phonics still matters! The bigger picture of reading is far more important We are teaching the children to infer and deduce from the text Read with fluency, accuracy, expression and intonation We ask the children to make predictions, talk about the authors choice of words, make personal choices about reading and explain their choices Children will find this a lot easier if they have mastered the use of phonics in their reading in EYFS and Year 1

End of Year 2 Assessments ~ SATs

Extracts from 2016 SATs

Extracts from Reading Paper 2016

Helpful Tips! Daily reading with questions about the text Always write in yellow reading record books; these are used as part of our evidence Come in to hear readers! Bring in book bags every day Encourage children to read their own books, books from the library as well as school books We want them to develop a love of reading

Any Questions?