Volume 82, Issue 12, Pages 1332-1338 (December 2012) Variability in estimated glomerular filtration rate is an independent risk factor for death among patients with stage 3 chronic kidney disease  Robert M. Perkins, Xiaoqin Tang, Amanda C. Bengier, H. Lester Kirchner, Ion D. Bucaloiu  Kidney International  Volume 82, Issue 12, Pages 1332-1338 (December 2012) DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.281 Copyright © 2012 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Kaplan–Meier curve (time to death) by quartile of estimated glomerular filtration rate variability. Kidney International 2012 82, 1332-1338DOI: (10.1038/ki.2012.281) Copyright © 2012 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) variability, and mortality by patient subgroup. Comparisons within each subgroup are between eGFR variability quartiles 4 vs. 1 (Q4 vs. Q1). All models shown are fully adjusted for age, gender, smoking status, hospitalization 6 months before index date, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, and peripheral arterial disease; prescription at baseline for beta blocker, HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, loop or thiazide diuretic, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, or angiotensin receptor blocker; baseline body mass index and diastolic blood pressure; baseline eGFR, proteinuria, serum albumin, serum high- and low-density lipoprotein; eGFR slope and its second order; and cumulative hospital-associated acute kidney injury during follow-up. We tested the interaction of eGFR variability with diabetic status, tertile of rate of eGFR change, and proteinuria (positive, negative, or test-not-ordered); P-values were 0.95, 0.13, and 0.013, respectively. CL, confidence limits; HR, hazard ratio; LCL, lower confidence limit; UCL, upper confidence limit. Kidney International 2012 82, 1332-1338DOI: (10.1038/ki.2012.281) Copyright © 2012 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Dynamic and single-point estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) characteristics of four hypothetical cohort members with stage 3 chronic kidney disease. Serial eGFR values are shown for four hypothetical cohort members, along with derived eGFR slope and derived mean absolute eGFR residual. Patients A–D each have a residual value approximating one of the four variability quartiles in the study. Despite similar baseline eGFR values and similar eGFR slope, eGFR residual may vary substantially among patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney International 2012 82, 1332-1338DOI: (10.1038/ki.2012.281) Copyright © 2012 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions