THE HUMAN RIGHTS

CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS

Civil and political rights Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals, and which ensure one's ability to participate in the civil and political life of the society and state without discrimination or repression.

IRELAND Ireland is an island in the North Atlantic to the west of Great Britain, from which it is separated by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St Georges Channel, and after which it is the largest island of the British Isles archipelago. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth.

A war of independence in the early 20th century was followed by the partition of the island, creating the Irish Free State, which became increasingly sovereign over the following decades, and Northern Ireland which remained a part of the United Kingdom.

In decades that followed partition there were sporadic episodes of inter-communal violence. Nationalists, mainly Roman Catholic, wanted to unite Ireland as an independent republic, whereas unionists, mainly Protestant, wanted Northern Ireland to remain in the United Kingdom

But within the Nationalist community, while concern about the border was decreasing, there was increasing anger about discrimination in jobs, housing and voting rights.

This led to the formation of the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association on the 1st February 1967. The NICRA took to the streets to demand their aims, which were: 1. One man one vote in local elections 2. the removal of gerrymandered boundaries 3. anti-discrimination laws 4. fair allocation of public housing

Scots: Derrie / Lunnonderrie Irish: Doire / Doire Cholmcille DERRY / LONDONDERRY Derry / Londonderry Scots: Derrie / Lunnonderrie Irish: Doire / Doire Cholmcille Maiden City Vita Veritas Victoria "Life, Truth, Victory" (Adapted from a decoration on the Craigavon Bridge)  Derry / Londonderry shown within Northern Ireland Population Irish grid reference District County Country Northern Ireland Sovereign state United Kingdom Post town LONDONDERRY[1] Postcode district BT47 BT48 Dialling code 028 Police Fire Ambulance EU Parliament UK Parliament Foyle NI Assembly Website www.derrycity.gov.uk List of places UKNorthern Ireland

Bloody Sunday: Derry (Northen Ireland) Jenuary 30, 1972

What was supposed to be a demonstration for civil rights,became a real massacre.

They were demonstrating peacefully in opposition to the British government’s policy. Its purpose was to protest against interment without trial.

The First Battalion of the British Army Parachute Regiment opened fire (with real bullets)against a crowd of Catholics .

Two proteste were injured as a result of investment by military vehicles.Some witnesses,including some journalists claimed that the demonstrators that were hit ,were unarmed.

Thirteen people ,most of them young ,were shot to death while a fourteen person died four months later for his injuries.

None of the soldiers who opened fire on Bloody Sunday were ever disciplined.

What the British didn’t understand is that because of the massacre which trigged that Bloody Sunday,many people joined the IRA (Irish Republican Army)

and so the IRA become not only stronger but also more aggresive.

Sunday Bloody Sunday" is a song by rock band U2 Sunday Bloody Sunday" is a song by rock band U2. Its lyrics describe the horror felt by an observer of the Troubles in Northern Ireland, mainly focusing on the Bloody Sunday incident in Derry where British troops shot and killed unarmed civil rights protesters who were there to rally against internment (imprisonment without trial). Critics rate it among the best political protest songs. 

U2 – Sunday Bloody Sunday Lyrics Yeah I can't believe the news today Oh, I can't close my eyes And make it go away How long How long must we sing this song How long, how long Cause tonight, we can be as one Tonight Broken bottles under children's feet Bodies strewn across the dead end street But I won't heed the battle call It puts my back up Puts my back up against the wall Sunday, Bloody Sunday And the battle's just begun There's many lost, but tell me who has won The trench is dug within our hearts And mothers, children, brothers, sisters Torn apart Tonight, tonight Sunday, Bloody Sunday Wipe the tears from your eyes Wipe your tears away Oh, wipe your tears away (Sunday, Bloody Sunday) Oh, wipe your blood shot eyes Sunday, Bloody Sunday (Sunday, Bloody Sunday) And it's true we are immune When fact is fiction and TV reality And today the millions cry We eat and drink while tomorrow they die The real battle just begun To claim the victory Jesus won On Sunday Bloody Sunday

The conflict was primarily a political one, but it also had an ethnic or sectarian dimension, although it was not a religious conflict. The key issues at stake were the constitutional status of Northern Ireland and the relationship between its two main communities. Unionists and loyalists, who are mostly Ulster Protestants, generally want Northern Ireland to remain within the United Kingdom. Irish nationalists and republicans, who are mostly Catholics, generally want it to leave the United Kingdom and join a united Ireland. The former generally see themselves as British and the latter generally see themselves as Irish.

On the morning of Sunday 30 January 1972, around ten thousand people gathered in Londonderry for a civil rights march. The British Army had sealed off the original route so the march organisers led most of the demonstrators towards 'Free Derry Corner' in the nationalist Bogside area of the city. Despite this, a number of people continued on towards an army barricade where local youths threw stones at soldiers, who responded with a water cannon, CS gas and rubber bullets. As the riot began to disperse, soldiers of the 1st Parachute Regiment were ordered to move in and arrest as many of the rioters as possible. In the minutes that followed, some of these paratroopers opened fire on the crowd, killing thirteen men and injuring 13 others, one of whom died some months later.