Engineering Technology as a Career Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J. Pond & Jeffery L. Rankinen Chapter 1 Engineering Technology as a Career 1

Purpose Introduces a variety of fields in Engineering Technology Provides motivation for continued study Prepares students for employment, both internship and employment after graduation Prepares students for future coursework 2

Introduction Technology Improves subsistence and comfort Examples: automated heating, running water, automobiles, etc… Many career opportunities Examples: Verizon Fiber Optic Technician, Comcast Technician, Consultant, etc… 3

Contents History of Engineering Technology The Industrial Team The Career Decision Engineering Technology – The Right Career for You Outline for chapter. 4

History of Engineering Technology Great wall of China Pyramids Five main branches of engineering Civil Mechanical Mining and Metallurgical Chemical Electrical Great wall in china example of engineering technology in ancient history. Pyramids are also an example. Aqua ducts in Rome. 5

History of Engineering Technology Examples of Today’s Engineering Fields For a larger list see link below from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_engineering_fields Aerospace Electromechanical Materials Agriculture Engineering Science Nuclear Architectural Environmental Petroleum Biomedical Industrial Systems Computer Marine Welding More engineering technology fields exist than the original five. Jump to web link. Discuss Wikipedia. Note: Updated table needed for 7th edition PowerPoint. 6

History of Engineering Technology Need increasing for technicians and technologists Specialized and scientific – Engineers Practical and less specialized - Technicians Employment varies according to economy. Currently, the improving economy is creating many new jobs. For example, Videon Central in State College, PA is limited in growth due to difficulty in finding qualified graduates from electronics field. Videon make circuit boards for DVD players and other related devices. They have two Penn College graduates employed and just hired another in December 2007. This company has a “laid back “ atmosphere. Employees are allowed to bring their well-behaved dogs to work! 7

The Industrial Team Today’s industries – two types Manufacturing – production of goods, such as clothing and steel (“blue collar”) Service – such as professional (lawyers) and technical work (computer programmers) (“white collar”) Transition is taking place from goods production to the provision of services – post-industrial society Transition is occurring in the United State to more service industries. Careers in fiber optics are examples of growth in a service industry. 8

The Industrial Team The Role of the Technician and Technologist Communicators Implementers Calibrators and Testers Manufacturing Engineering Technologists Technicians tend to have more “hands-on” work. Engineers tend to work more with theory and planning. Communicators – working with production workers to implement new processes or to troubleshoot Implementers – make engineering designs work in production Calibrators and Testers – make adjustments to production equipment for quality control. In some companies, the technician is called a Manufacturing Engineering Technologist 9

The Industrial Team Technicians assist engineers in order to implement new designs. As a co-op student at IBM, I helped engineers troubleshoot a space shuttle computer redesign project. The engineers figured out the needed changes. I reprogrammed chips and had them installed, so that the next issue could be resolved. This is an example of how technicians work with engineers. 10

The Industrial Team http://cneu.psu.edu Teamwork in Manufacturing Nanomanufacturing program available at PSU: Talk about NMT Capstone program. - learn to work in cleanroom environment - live at main campus, PSU - free meals, free housing for PA residents, only cost is normal tuition and lab fees - can be in NF program, or NMT semester used separately (certificate) - in addition, $5000 worth of training hours on sophisticated equipment such as the scanning electron microscope - looks good on resume http://cneu.psu.edu 11

Engineering Technician The Industrial Team Teamwork in Manufacturing Roles of the Engineer and Engineering Technician Engineer Engineering Technician Designs systems Designs individual circuits Directs fabrication of new systems Supervises the assembly of specific electronic subsystems Develops new systems Breadboards systems, troubleshoots and improves circuitry, brings the system to the real world Example 1: Tyco Electronics, Steve & Sean (Eng & Tech) Both are now engineers. Sean started out as a lab technician and worked his way up to a sales engineer. Steve was able to start out as an engineer with the PCT BEE degree (Bachelor of Science in Electronics and Computer Engineering Technology). Example 2: Eli, BEE, now working at PSU ARL, Taught Part-time at Penn College, worked part-time at Qortek Some colleges offer credit for Industrial Work Experience 12

The Industrial Team 2 year programs in electronics and computer engineering technologies classify at 50% Theory and 50% applied. The 4 year BEE program classifies as 60% theory and 40% applied. The BSEE program at PSU main campus would qualify as 70% theory and 30% applied. 13

The Industrial Team Communication and the Industrial Team Organizational Structures and the Industrial Team – chart next page Competition vs. Teamwork Communication is important for meeting goals and maintaining quality. Team approach works well for modern companies such as Fairchild Semiconductor. Production teams appoint team leader. Plans for meeting goals are discussed. Team decides how to reach goal. Work schedules, vacations, weekend work – all decided by team. Management communicates with team leader. Competition within a company can sometimes be useful and other times counterproductive. Healthy competition are useful to achieve production goals. 14

The Industrial Team Modern manufacturing is becoming more lean. Organizational charts are becoming “flatter” – less middle management. 15

The Career Decision Career exploration – at least 3 important elements Occupational satisfaction Availability of employment Salary potential It is important to find a career you enjoy that provides a comfortable salary. 16

The Career Decision 17

The Career Decision Salaries More education generally means more income. Education is one of the best investments. 18

Engineering Technology – The Right Career for You Challenging Rewarding Good salary potential Excellent employment opportunities

Career Choices in the Engineering Technologies Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J. Pond & Jeffery L. Rankinen Chapter 2 Career Choices in the Engineering Technologies

Introduction Major Technical Areas Chemical Engineering Technician (ChET) Civil and Architectural Engineering Technician (CET) Electrical/Electronic Engineering Technician (EET) Computer Engineering Technician (CpET) Industrial Engineering Technician (IET) Mechanical Engineering Technician (MET)

Chemical Engineering Technician Major areas Research and development Production Technical Sales

Chemical Engineering Technician (ChET) Specialty areas Biological engineering technology Nuclear engineering technology Materials engineering technology Environmental engineering technology Petroleum engineering technology

Chemical Engineering Technician (ChET) Personal qualities needed An ability to work well with others as part of a team An aptitude for and enjoyment of detail work Accuracy and patience when conducting laboratory tests An ability to exercise care when working with toxic chemicals or disease-causing organisms

Civil and Architectural Engineering Technician (CET) Occupations Surveying roads Implementing the plans for large structures Supervising the building of highways Constructing bridges Infrastructure inspection

Civil and Architectural Engineering Technician (CET) Specialty Areas Property surveying GIS/GPS technician Architectural design technician Drafting and design technician

Civil and Architectural Engineering Technician (CET)

Civil and Architectural Engineering Technician (CET) Personal qualities A willingness to work with others as a part of a team and to direct others An aptitude for science and mathematics A need to exercise creativity and an ability to make decisions An ability to think and plan ahead A willingness to travel and work outdoors

Civil and Architectural Engineering Technician (CET) Drafting and Design Technician Mechanical drafter Electronics drafter Personal qualities An ability to learn new software Creativity and artistic ability Attention to detail

Electrical/Electronic Engineering Technician (EET) Electrical – involves hard-wired systems and high-power systems Electronic – involves low-power devices

Electrical/Electronic Engineering Technician (EET) Careers Field service representative Instrumentation technician Electromechanical technician Biomedical electronics technician Communications technician

Computer Engineering Technician (CpET) Computer engineering technician (CpET) – services, connects, and programs personal computers or mainframe computer systems.

Computer Engineering Technician (CpET) Occupations Information technologist Network specialist Personal qualities A willingness to work with others as part of a team Problem-solving ability A willingness to work long hours to meet deadlines A constant drive to be retrained on new hardware and software A willingness to travel

Industrial Engineering Technician (IET) Industrial engineering technician (IET) – involved in methods and time study, production control, and industrial supervision.

Industrial Engineering Technician (IET) IET Occupations Production controller Quality controller Statistical Process Control (SPC)

Industrial Engineering Technician (IET) IET personal qualities A willingness to work as part of a team An aptitude for mathematics, including statistics An ability to do detailed work with a high degree of accuracy An ability to manage effectively with good verbal skills Manufacturing Engineering Technician Quality Assurance (QA) specialist Statistical Process Control (SPC)

Industrial Engineering Technician (IET) Manufacturing Engineering Technician Blend of industrial and mechanical engineering technologies Skills needed A strong work ethic and a good knowledge of quality principles Good report writing skills coupled with competency in oral communications The ability to form, lead, and work well with teams A strong understanding of computers and of computer- integrated manufacturing A variety of basic IET skills and knowledge, such as costing and pricing, material selection and safety A variety of mechanical engineering technology skills and knowledge, such as basic turning, milling, grinding, extrusion and welding operations

Mechanical Engineering Technician (MET) Works with power-transmission equipment Examples: lever systems, gear trains, hydraulic and pneumatic systems, pumps and compressors, lathes, and milling machines Career fields Heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) Mechanical design (Tool design) Numerical control (NC) Technical sales Fluid power Laser technology

Mechanical Engineering Technician (MET) Works with Computer Aided Design (CAD) extensively Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) CAD/CAM Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)

Mechanical Engineering Technician (MET) Personal qualities needed to succeed as a MET A willingness to work with orders as part of a team and to direct others An aptitude for mathematics and science An ability to work with care and accuracy Creativity in design work Mechanical aptitude

Survival Skills – Preparing for the Engineering Technologies Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J. Pond & Jeffery L. Rankinen Chapter 3 Survival Skills – Preparing for the Engineering Technologies 41

Pursuing the Technology Degree 42

Pursuing the Technology Degree Curriculum Technical course in addition to general studies courses Employer requirements for technicians Employer requirements for technicians Have the ability to read, write, listen, speak and work with others in technical teams, with others in the organization, and with customers. 43

Pursuing the Technology Degree Cooperative education Resume Planning for Graduation Internship/Industrial Work Experience/Coop Resume Contents Objective Education Experience Interests Awards Coop Job Wage Comparison Coop - $12+/hr, First Quality, Primus, Qortek, L3 Communications, Verizon, Siemens, Comcast, Radio Shack, Micro One, Leading Electronics, Teleflex, local small businesses, others in hometown. Other – Walmart, Circuit City - $7/hr 44

Pursuing the Technology Degree Succeeding in college life Positive attitude Planning Communication Skills (spelling, writing, speaking) Math & Science Personal appearance/hygiene/fitness/health 45

Using the Engineering Library Books Handbooks Periodicals O*NET College library usually has online access. 46

Problem Solving Good problem-solving skills important Basic elements of problem solving 47

Problem Solving Financial problem solving 48

Problem Solving Early problem solvers 49

Problem Solving SPC problem solving Important in Automobile and Semiconductor manufacturing for long life. 50

Problem Solving Attitude and problem solving 51

Professionalism Each profession has ethics Instrumentation, Systems and Automation Society (ISA) Code of Ethics 52

Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J. Pond & Jeffery L. Rankinen Chapter 4 The Calculator 53

Purchasing the Calculator Owner’s manual important Certain functions required for problem solving 54

Purchasing the Calculator Hewlett-Packard, HP 49g+ Texas Instruments, TI-83 Plus, TI-84 Plus, TI-89 Titanium 55

Signed Numbers and Algebraic Logic Order of operations Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction X=4/2*6 =?12 =?1/3 TI emulator available at www.ticalc.org or http://www.ticalc.org/archives/files/fileinfo/84/8442.html 56

Powers and Roots Examples 57

Using Scientific Notation Examples 58

Graphing with the Calculator Example: I = V/R 59

Graphing with the Calculator Examples Programming with the Calculator Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 4 60 60

Programming the TI83/84 Go over an example. 61

Programming the TI83/84 This is how to start programming. 62

Programming the TI83/84 Example

Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J. Pond & Jeffery L. Rankinen Chapter 5 Measurement Systems

The Fundamental Units

The Fundamental Units Length Mass Time

The Fundamental Units Temperature Electric Current Luminous Intensity

The Fundamental Units Amount of Substance Supplemental Units Transfer Standards

Conversion of Units within the English System Multiplying by the unit ratio Examples

Conversion of Units within the English System

Conversion of Units within the English System Examples

Conversion of Units within the International System Metric prefixes – should be memorized

Conversion of Units within the International System Examples

Conversion of Units Between Systems

Conversion of Units Between Systems Examples

The Use of Dimensional Analysis Example 5.16

Precision of the Inch and Millimeter Scales Millimeter is smaller and more accurate Most calculators perform unit conversion Show unit conversion on calculator and Excel, Google conversion 3 feet to cm 77

Right-Triangle Trigonometry and Geometry for Technologists Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J. Pond & Jeffery L. Rankinen Chapter 6 Right-Triangle Trigonometry and Geometry for Technologists

Right-Triangle Relationships Carpenters still use 3- 4-5 Triangle Pythagorean Theorem Three angles total 180º For a right triangle, angles A and B total 90º

Trigonometric Functions

Trig Example Find the total impedance, ZT, and the angle, θ, of the ac circuit below.

Alternating Current and Voltage Generator produces sinusoidal voltage and current Example: Solve for the voltage of the sine wave at t = 3 ms and 7 ms. The period of the sine wave is T = 1/f = 1/60 = 16.7 ms.

Geometry Applications Example: A cylindrical refinery tank is 35 ft high and 25 ft in diameter. Find the amount of paint, in square feet of coverage, to paint the tank and the amount of fuel oil it contains in gallons. Solve problem in empty space. 83

The Technical Laboratory Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J. Pond & Jeffery L. Rankinen Chapter 7 The Technical Laboratory

Introduction This chapter is intended to make you aware of how to work safely and effectively in the laboratory and report your findings clearly and efficiently.

Laboratory Technician Be patient and methodical Pay attention to detail Plan and prepare Be accurate Communicate clearly and effectively Corning example – Report writing and presentations important. Formal report. 86

Scientific Method – Problem Solving State the problem Form the hypothesis Experiment and observe Interpret the data Arrive at the conclusion

Performing the Experiment Equipment specified Data sheets Group work Conclusions drawn

Reducing Error in the Laboratory

Data Collection and Calculating Results Scale Resolution – no better than one-half of the smallest division

Data Collection and Calculating Results Digital Meter Accuracy – specified as +/- (percent of reading + number of units in the least significant digit) Example: Stated accuracy: +/- (0.5 + 2) Scale reading of 1000 for Figure 7.10 1000*0.005+2 = +/- 7 volts

Presenting Data - Graphing

Reporting Outlining the written report Objective section Equipment section Theory section Procedure section Data section Calculation section Results section Conclusion section Preparing and submitting the report The report checklist Oral reporting Oral report checklist

Reporting

Reporting

Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J. Pond & Jeffery L. Rankinen Chapter 8 The Personal Computer

Mainframe Computers Lead to the PC Supercomputer Mainframe computer Server Personal Computer

Personal Computer

Computing Process

Central Processing Unit

Motherboard

Personal Computer

PC Operating System Windows Linux Apple

Application Software Microsoft Office CAD Others

Networking, Internet, and Industrial Automation Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J. Pond & Jeffery L. Rankinen Chapter 9 Networking, Internet, and Industrial Automation

Computer Networks Before the PC: Remote terminals attached to a mainframe PC’s led to the development of LANs

Ethernet LANs Bus and Star LAN Topogies PC

Switches and Hubs

WAN

Wireless LAN

Basic ISP

Servers

Figure 9.16A

Figure 9.16B

Figure 9.16C

Figure 9.16D

Figure 9.20

Figure 9.31

Your Future in Technology Introduction to Engineering Technology Seventh Edition Robert J. Pond & Jeffery L. Rankinen Chapter 10 Your Future in Technology

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 The Evolving Computer Supercomputers Artificial Intelligence (AI) Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 120

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Robotics Applications Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 121

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Robotics Degrees of freedom Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 122

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Robotics Robot operation Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 123

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Robotics Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) Robots of the future Accelerometers used for airbag deployment Many medical applications Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 124

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Optical Systems Photovoltaics Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 125

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Optical Systems Lasers Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 126

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Optical Systems Fiber Optics Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 127

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Optical Systems Fiber Optics Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 128

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Materials Technology High-Performance Metal Alloys Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 129

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Materials Technology Ceramics Basic process – shaping and firing High-temperature superconductivity (HTSC) Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 130

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Materials Technology Semiconductors Research producing lower cost solar panels Nanotechnology – controller matter at the molecular level Improved material properties Many applications PSU Center for Nanotechnology Education and Utilization http://www.cneu.psu.edu Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 131

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 Materials Technology Composites Two or more chemically distinct reinforcing materials Applications Aircraft and aerospace Appliances Architectural Furniture Transportation Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 132

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 The Environment Improving the Environment Fuel cells Solar Energy Increased automation Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 133

Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 The Environment Protecting the Environment Green industries Report harm to the environment Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 134

Meeting the High-Technology Needs of the World Technology improving quality of life Technologist hold the key to innovation Cooperative education/internships important Introduction to Engineering Technology - Chapter 10 135