Formatting Output iomanip.h Objects Escape Sequences setw() setiosflags(…) setprecision()

Output ¾ cout The object cout is used to direct data to the ststandard output device, usually the monitor. w predefined stream object w in iostream library w used with insertion operator << *

Output ¾ cout Syntax: cout << ExprOrString; Read << as “put to”. cout << 24; cout << ‘y’; cout << “Hello”; *

Output ¾ cout Syntax: cout << ExprOrString; cout << “The answer to question “; cout << qu_num; cout << “ is “; cout << 1.5 * pay_rate; *

Output ¾ cout Syntax: cout << ExprOrString << ExprOrString; Each appends data to the stream. cout << “Num1 * num2 is “ << num1*num2; OUTPUT Num1 * num2 is 110 space * *

Output ¾ cout Syntax: cout << ExprOrString << ExprOrString; Each appends data to the stream. cout << “Num =“ << 35.1; OUTPUT Num =35.1 no space * *

Output ¾ cout Syntax: cout << ExprOrString << ExprOrString; Each appends data to the stream. cout << “Hi, “ << name << “how are you?”; no space space OUTPUT Hi, Shadowhow are you? * * *

Output ¾ cout Syntax: cout << ExprOrString << ExprOrString; cout << “The answer to question “; cout << qu_num; cout << “ is “; cout << 1.5 * pay_rate; no ; cout << “The answer to question “ << qu_num << “ is “<< 1.5 * pay_rate; * *

Output ¾ cout Syntax: cout << ExprOrString << ExprOrString Output ¾ cout Syntax: cout << ExprOrString << ExprOrString << ExprOrString ; cout << “The answer to question number 17 is listed after question “; cout << lastqu << ‘.’; cout << “The answer to question number 17 “ << “is listed after question “ << lastqu << ‘.’; no ; * *

Escape Sequences \ Changes the meaning of the character that follows it. \n hard return \t tab \\ \ \” “ \a beep or bell These must be within quotation marks.

Escape Sequences cout << “Name\tTotal\tGrade\n”; cout << “Miyo\t186\t B\n”; cout << “\n Jake\t211\t A\n”; cout << “Syd\t203\t A\n”; OUTPUT Name Total Grade Miyo 186 B Jake 211 A Syd 203 A _ \n \n gives a blank line *

Escape Sequences \ Changes the meaning of the character that follows it. \” take quotes literally “Alfonsus \”Butch\” Billone” gives Alfonsus ”Butch” Billone *

Escape Sequences “\n Alfonsus\n\”Butch\” \nBillone” gives Alfonsus “Butch” Billone “|\n Alfonsus\n \t \”Butch\” \tBillone|” gives | Alfonsus “Butch” Billone| * * * *

Formatting Output endl does the same thing as \n - inserts a hard return requires the insertion operator cout << endl << endl; is the same as: cout << “\n\n”;

Formatting Output iomanip.h contains the objects which have special effects on the iostream. #include <iostream.h> #include <iomanip.h> *

Formatting Output iomanip Formatting Output iomanip.h contains the objects which have special effects on the iostream.…… …... setw(n) how many columns for data setprecision(n) sets number of decimals setiosflags(ios::fixed) displays 6 digits after the decimal * * *

Formatting Output setw(n) how many columns for data cout << setw(4) << ans cout << setw(1) << ans << setw(5) << num << setw(3) << num << setw(4) << “Hi”; << setw(3) << “Hi”; fields expand ¨o33¨7132¨oHi 337132¨Hi * *

Formatting Output setprecision(n) sets number of decimals x = format result 314.0 setw(10) setprecision(2) ¨ooo314.00 point counts 314.0 setw(10) setprecision(5) ¨314.00000 columns added 314.0 setw(7) setprecision(5) 314.00000 * * *

Formatting Output setiosflags(ios::fixed) displays 6 digits after Formatting Output setiosflags(ios::fixed) displays 6 digits after the decimal #include<iostream.h> #include<iomanip.h> void main() { double v = 0.00123456789; double w = 1.23456789; double x = 12.3456789; double y = 1234.56789; double z = 12345.6789;

Formatting Output cout <<v<< endl<<w<< endl <<x<< endl <<y<< endl <<z<<”\n\n”; cout << setiosflags(ios::fixed); cout <<v<< endl <<w<< endl <<x<< endl cout << setprecision(2); }

Formatting Output default 0.00123457 1.23457 12.3457 1234.57 12345.7 ios::fixed 0.001235 1.234568 12.345679 1234.567890 12345.678900 + setprecision(2) 0.00 1.23 12.35 1234.57 12345.68

Formatting Output For decimal alignment use: ios::fixed and setprecision( ) sitcky setw( ) only once cout << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(n); l l l cout << “- -” << setw(n) << var1 << setw(n) << “- -”; cout << “- -\t” << setw(n) << var1 << setw(n) <<var2; *

cout Syntax cout << ExprOrStringOrManipulator << ExprOrStringOrManipulator...;

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