Graphic Arts 110 Pictograms Ideograms Phonograms.

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Presentation transcript:

Graphic Arts 110 Pictograms Ideograms Phonograms

Pictograms The earliest known forms of written communication were simple images called pictograms. Pictograms represent can objects or things. The image acts as a reminder and there often is no connection between the sound of the spoken word and the object Pictograms usually work in all cultures

Ideograms Ideograms represent simple concepts or ideas. Usually a group of people or culture will agree on a common set of ideograms and use them repeatedly.

Here, a combination of pictograms and ideograms tell a story Here, a combination of pictograms and ideograms tell a story. In order for this to work, all of the people in the community or culture have to agree what the symbols mean. Using pictograms and ideograms for a written language is cumbersome often requiring hundreds or thousands of symbols in order to make a written language.

Safety Ideograms

The ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics used a combination of pictograms and ideograms. Over the centuries, people forgot what the symbols meant and it wasn't until the discovery of the Rosetta stone in 1799, that people could once again read Egyptian hieroglyphs.

Phonograms Phonograms were developed by the ancient Phoenicians and are symbols that represent basic oral sounds. Once again, the community or culture must use the same symbols. The use of phonograms made written language more efficient because only a few symbols are needed to print an entire language. CAT

Our alphabet still uses variations of the ancient Phoenician alphabet.

English has 26 letters six of which are vowels. The Russian alphabet which is also a phonetic language, has 33 letters, ten of which are vowels.

The written Chinese language uses a combination, of some ideograms, rebus (similar to phonograms) and other specialized characters. It total the written Chinese language has over 50,000 /unique characters. You need to know 2000 to 3000 to be able to read a newspaper.

Germans often combine multiple phonograms into a single, usually very long, descriptive phonograms. Translates into: “Attention! Danger of Collapse” Rechtsschutzversicherungsgesellschaften Translates into: “Insurance companies providing legal protection”

HEART PICTOGRAM IDEOGRAM PHONOGRAM