Fast detection of nutrient limitation in macroalgae NIFT technique and implications for reef management Joost den Haan · Friso Dekker · Nienke ten Brinke.

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Presentation transcript:

Fast detection of nutrient limitation in macroalgae NIFT technique and implications for reef management Joost den Haan · Friso Dekker · Nienke ten Brinke · Amanda Ford · Jef Huisman · Mark Vermeij · Petra Visser

Which nutrient is currently limiting macroalgal growth? Land runoff River discharge Sewage NH4 NO3 PO4 Which nutrient is currently limiting macroalgal growth?

Method to detect nutrient limitation Based on: Nutrient Induced Fluorescence Transient (NIFT) experiments in phytoplankton e.g. Beardall et al. 2001; Holland et al., 2004; Shelly et al. 2010 Mini PAM Diving PAM

Direct estimation of current nutrient limitation NIFT experiment Light re-emitted (Fluorescence) alters when microalgae take up nutrients Turpin and Weger, 1988; Wood and Oliver, 1995; Lippemeier et al. 2001 Diving PAM Direct estimation of current nutrient limitation Cuvette with microalgae PAM sensor

Does the NIFT technique also work with macroalgae?

-N -P C Ulva lactuca

Induced nutrient starvation -P Can the NIFT technique detect specific nutrient limitation?

Ulva lactuca N limited  added NO3 Adaptation time Ft F’m Light pulses every 30s

Can we also detect nutrient limitation in macroalgae collected directly from the reef?

Which nutrient is limiting the growth of the macroalga Lobophora variegata? Lobophora variegata

Location: Curaçao 20m Nutrient plume

What does this mean for the reef? Playa kalki vs. Buoy 0 (less degraded) (degraded) p <0.001 (Two Sample Z-test) NO3 NS What does this mean for the reef? Lobophora variegata are mostly PO4 limited NH4 NS NS PO4 Percentage of L. variegata limited by specific nutrient (n=36)

PO4 Lobophora currently nutrient limited? NO YES Limiting nutrient NH4 Macroalgal overgrowth, given other factors are not limiting NO Lobophora currently nutrient limited? YES Limiting nutrient PO4 No direct effect of nutrient pollution… Non-limiting nutrient

Conclusions The NIFT technique can be used to estimate which nutrient is limiting Lobophora variegata growth NIFT technique is a very rapid method compared to other methods (only 30 min/sample) 3. Lobophora variegata are currently PO4 limited, hence PO4 enrichment (e.g. sewage) will lead to rapid algal proliferation on the reefs of Curaçao

Future implications Wider application of this method to other benthic algae, and in other marine and freshwater ecosystems Thalassia testudinum Dictyota sp.

Implication for reef management Early warning indicator to estimate the potential effect of future nutrient pollution Lobophora variegata Dictyota spp. Halimeda opuntia Benthic cyanobacteria

Thank you for your attention! Questions? Special thanks to: FORCE project Hannah Brocke, Katy Davis, Jelmer Pander, Anna Simeon, Laura Weiand