Transition from Jail to Community Reentry in Washtenaw County

Since 2000 we have averaged 7,918 bookings per year and 3,395 new individuals booked each year. CC-PEG acquired, cleaned, and analyzed booking data from January 2000 to October 2013. There were 44,133 unique inmates within that timeframe. Curtis Center Program Evaluation Group (CC-PEG), Preliminary Analysis of WCSO Jail Data. University of Michigan, 2014

85% are returning to a neighborhood within Washtenaw County This number is most likely higher, however a large percentage of inmates were listed with “NA” for this variable in the data. Curtis Center Program Evaluation Group (CC-PEG), Preliminary Analysis of WCSO Jail Data. University of Michigan, 2014

Since 2000, the jail population of inmates who recidivate has increased by 26.4%. Curtis Center Program Evaluation Group (CC-PEG), Preliminary Analysis of WCSO Jail Data. University of Michigan, 2014

Number of times in jail 59% 17% 16% 6% 41% of inmates in the WCJ have committed 2 or more crimes 16% 24% of inmates are at a high rate of reoffending (roughly 556 inmates/year) Total population since 2013 Further analysis will examine each group and focus in on what is bringing them back. The 24.5% of inmates that come back 3 to 11 or more times is a focal area due to the amount of resources they utilize. Understanding why they come back and addressing those reasons could significantly lower our recidivism rate, victimization and collateral costs. However, regardless of the reasons the cost/impact they have on the jail is consistent. 6% 8% of inmates are at extremely high rates of reoffending (roughly 193 inmates/year) Curtis Center Program Evaluation Group (CC-PEG), Preliminary Analysis of WCSO Jail Data. University of Michigan, 2014

Of the top arrest charges, driving and traffic violations occurred most often. 24% of charges were associated with liquor or drugs. Curtis Center Program Evaluation Group (CC-PEG), Preliminary Analysis of WCSO Jail Data. University of Michigan, 2014

Over half of inmates are in jail for less than one day per booking.

66% of those who recidivate are re-arrested within their first year of being released. The data shows that the first year of release is significantly important in the rate of re-arrest. From a program stand point we will focus on the first 12months of post release. Curtis Center Program Evaluation Group (CC-PEG), Preliminary Analysis of WCSO Jail Data. University of Michigan, 2014

Young adults account for 61% of inmates.

Inmates who identify as Black, African American, or White account for 86% of the inmate population. American Indian, Alaskan Native, Arab American, Biracial, Other, and Unknown make up the remaining 1% of the population.

The percentage of inmates identified as black steadily increases with the number of jail entries.

Three-quarters of the inmate population identify as male.

In 2012 and 2013, 66% of inmates had either a high school degree or some college education. Educational Attainment was more consistently collected starting in 2012 with the implementation of the XJail Data Collection System.

Reentry in Washtenaw County The What Reentry in Washtenaw County

Washtenaw County Sheriff’s Office Reentry Initiative MISSION STATEMENT Washtenaw County’s Reentry Initiative is a systematic approach to successful offender reintegration, recidivism reduction, and enhanced public safety. VISION Washtenaw County’s Reentry Initiative will provide opportunities for offenders to successfully connect as productive members of society. Through active partnerships with all stakeholders, reintegration will contribute to safer communities and an enhanced quality of life.

Goals Reduction in recidivism and victimization Assist released inmates in becoming a productive citizen Lower the direct and collateral costs of incarceration n

The Continuum of Services & Sanctions Leadership, vision, and organizational culture Community Partnerships Data-driven understanding of local community Targeted intervention strategies Self-evaluation and sustainability COMMUNITY JAIL COMMUNITY Problem Oriented Policing Community Building Prevention Services The WCSO is already positioned to leverage both POP and Prevention Services as a way to intervene prior to incarceration. Screening & Assessment Improved Outcomes Transition Plan Targeted Interventions Street Outreach Community Action Teams Community Engagement Information & referrals Case management Formal Services Informal support Supervision

Areas of Focus Recidivism indicators Education Employment Housing Health (Includes Mental Health) Substance abuse & illegal drug use Family, peers and community involvement Criminal behavior & recidivism Education, Employment, Housing, Mental health and substance abuse issues are all common indicators of the likelihood to reoffend. However, in reviewing literature (provided by Curtis Center) two other focus areas were shown to have a significant impact on successful reentry; Criminal behavior and family, peers and community involvement. Developed in response to research of best practices

Crime/Victimization Substance abuse Lack of stable housing Lack of family support Lack of education Poor health Lack of Employment If you impact one or eliminate them you impact the likelihood of future victimization.

Reentry in Washtenaw County The How Reentry in Washtenaw County

Program Sequence Example Apply, mandated or I.D.’d through proxy Assess risks and needs Develop Transition Case Plan (TCP) Participate in in-jail, evidenced based programs Interdisciplinary team meetings Complete service plan/program Discharge planning Reintegrated into the community Outreach support/follow up TCP’s will align with the 7 focus areas. Interdisciplinary meetings will occur regularly and is a team concept meant to wrap services around one individual. Discharge planning is an ongoing process not a hand off and release Outreach support is done by the outreach team, case managers and CE sergeant

Jail Programming Substance Abuse Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Discovery, Intensive Outpatient, Relapse Prevention, AA/NA Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Thinking Matters; Moral Reconation Therapy Mental Health Women’s Trauma; Peer to Peer Support, Inner Peace, Alternatives to Domestic Violence; Women’s Domestic Violence Education Washtenaw Literacy, GED, WISD, Computer Literacy, Children’s Literacy Network , Probation and Parole Survival, U of M project Outreach, Creative Writing, Workplace Math, Workplace Communications, Financial Literacy, Health Literacy Employment Readiness Variety of Religious Programs. Over 400 volunteers and service providers.

Reentry Services Dawn Farm Discharge Planning Avalon Housing ITR Outreach Community Mental Health case planning Washtenaw Community College – Vocational Certificates Employment Vocational Readiness Program Family events

Next Steps Jail programming analysis Cost benefit analysis of programs Recidivism study Reentry committee – Service providers - Partners

Transition from Jail to Community Reentry in Washtenaw County

Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion LEAD 1034 responses to EDP January 2015 until October 26, 2016. Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion

What is LEAD Pre-booking diversion program Developed in Seattle Addresses low-level crimes/issues Minor drug charges Homelessness/loitering Mental health crisis Allows law enforcement to redirect low-level offenders to services instead of jail or prosecution Facilitated by entire criminal justice system

History of LEAD “So what do we do?” Disproportionate minority contacts and arrests Numerous court cases due to this fact Jail overcrowding Inability to expand jail “So what do we do?”

Process of LEAD Arrest is made Officer diverts from booking and into LEAD LEAD staff provide immediate assessment and offer crisis assistance Over time provide case management services Must complete intake within 30 days of referral Must sign a release in order to share information Officer completes case for prosecutor Held by prosecutor as long as individual is progressing Diversion protocol: http://static1.1.sqspcdn.com/static/f/1185392/26595193/1444410613677/June-2015-Seattle-LEAD-Referral-and-Diversion+Protocol.pdf?token=cZbs5h9Sffc3DEzwY3vu%2B3sRklE%3D

Alternatives to Incarceration Why LEAD in Washtenaw Prevention Services Street Outreach Community Programs Diversion Alternatives to Incarceration Work Program Tether Drug Testing Incarceration Jail Programs Reentry Services

Alternatives to Incarceration Why LEAD in Washtenaw Prevention Services Street Outreach Community Programs Diversion LEAD Alternatives to Incarceration Work Program Tether Drug Testing Incarceration Jail Programs Reentry Services Transition from Jail to Community

64% of local jail inmates have mental health problems. Bureau of Justice Statistics (2006). After hours: 301-983-9354 study finds more than half of all prison and jail inmates have mental health problems. Retrieved from http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/press/mhppjipr.cfm

In the first quarter of this year, 43% of Washtenaw County Jail inmates were on psychotropic medications. Retrieved from: Washtenaw County Jail Correct Care Solutions report, July 2015.

65% of those in our nations prisons & jails meet criteria for substance abuse and addiction diagnosis. 35% 65% CASA. (2010). New casa* report finds: 65% of all U.S. inmates meet medical criteria for substance abuse addiction, only 11% receive any treatment. Retrieved from http://www.casacolumbia.org/newsroom/press-releases/2010-behind-bars-II

Number of times in jail 59% 17% 16% 6% Total population since 2013 Further analysis will examine each group and focus in on what is bringing them back. The 24.5% of inmates that come back 3 to 11 or more times is a focal area due to the amount of resources they utilize. Understanding why they come back and addressing those reasons could significantly lower our recidivism rate, victimization and collateral costs. However, regardless of the reasons the cost/impact they have on the jail is consistent. 6% 8% of inmates are at extremely high rates of reoffending (roughly 193 inmates/year) Curtis Center Program Evaluation Group (CC-PEG), Preliminary Analysis of WCSO Jail Data. University of Michigan, 2014

Those who need to be in jail will be. Those who need help will get it.

https://www. youtube. com/watch https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLQ9B-p5Q-YOP2OVnCPdYKLSmPkqLA2igT&v=_66uT64YzbY

Reflections Provides relief to neighborhoods Relief and hope to individuals long-term addiction mental health crisis Housing crisis Harm reduction working hand-in-hand with Law Enforcement Changing the cycle We can use the power of the law to nudge people toward an outcome that is better for them and the community

What is Harm Reduction An approach for treatment that involves a set of practical techniques that are openly negotiated with clients around what is most likely to be achieved. The focus is on reducing the negative consequences and risky behaviors of substance use while enhancing an individual’s motivation for change.

Treatment An approach for treatment that focuses on outreach, engagement and harm reduction. Co-occurring treatment focus Community collaboration between criminal justice system and treatment providers.

Next Steps

Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion LEAD 1034 responses to EDP January 2015 until October 26, 2016. Law Enforcement Assisted Diversion