An Examination of AB109 Recidivism In San Joaquin County In Year 4 2016 Annual Report An Examination of AB109 Recidivism In San Joaquin County In Year 4

Preface PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION Since the implementation of AB109, on October 1, 2011, San Joaquin County has been managing the AB109 population in innovative ways in an effort to increase public safety and increase successful reentry back into the community.   San Joaquin County now has four years of AB109 data. The following is a year four report that centers on the AB109 recidivism outcomes for Realignment in San Joaquin County. Recidivism data is offered in three cohorts and are analyzed as one overall AB109 client group. This study looks at recidivism by number of arrests, convictions, and revocations, in addition to recidivism rates by risk level, unit referral.

Acknowledgments Agencies San Joaquin County Board of Supervisors PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION San Joaquin County Board of Supervisors Community Corrections Partnership (CCP) San Joaquin County Probation Department Research and Evaluation Unit Assessment Center Day Reporting Center Violent Crimes Unit CCP Law Enforcement Task Force San Joaquin County Behavioral Health Services Correctional Health Care Services San Joaquin County Human Services Agency San Joaquin County Sheriff’s Office San Joaquin County Superior Court San Joaquin County WorkNet Community Partnership for Families of San Joaquin El Concilio Fathers and Families of San Joaquin Friends Outside Mary Magdalene Community Services

Methodology One Year Since Release PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION One Year Since Release Demographics and background variables 365 day recidivism check Arrests, convictions, revocations Two Years Since Release 730 day recidivism check Arrests, convictions Three Years Since Release 1,095 day recidivism check Collaborative Courts CBO Case Management

One Year Post Release Demographics PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION Table 1.1 AB109 Clients Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, and Year 4 Realignment Release Cohort Characteristics Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Count % Total Reported 813 83.8% 713 89.8% 773 89.9% 772 98.7% Age at Release Average 37.2 35.5 34.8 35.4 Age Range 17-67 17-75 18-73 16-69 Gender Female 95 9.8% 62 7.8% 77 9.0% 58 7.4% Male 875 90.2% 732 92.2% 783 91.0% 724 92.6% Race/Ethnicity American Indian or Alaska Native 3 0.3% 2 0.2% 1 0.1% Asian or Asian American 56 5.8% 29 3.7% 53 6.2% 45 Black or African American 238 24.5% 212 26.7% 222 25.8% 195 24.9% Hispanic or Latino/Latina 349 36.0% 296 37.3% 282 32.8% 303 38.7% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander White or Caucasian 304 31.3% 247 31.1% 294 34.2% 224 28.6% Other 19 2.0% 7 0.9% 6 0.7% 12 1.5% 5

One Year Post Release Demographics PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION Table 1.1 AB109 Clients Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, and Year 4 Realignment Release Cohort Characteristics Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Count % Risk Level High 0.0% 13 1.7% High Drug 150 15.5% 88 11.1% 89 10.3% 61 7.8% High Property 1 0.1% 62 43 5.0% 5 0.6% High Property/Violent 344 35.5% 196 24.7% 229 26.6% 179 22.9% High Violent 215 22.2% 242 30.5% 312 36.3% 332 42.5% Above Average 2 0.3% Moderate 146 15.1% 113 14.2% 111 12.9% 122 15.6% Low 53 5.5% 40 4.7% 59 7.5% N/A 6.3% 31 3.9% 36 4.2% 9 1.2% The clients with a “high” risk level make up 75.5% of the newest cohort.

One Year Post Release RECIDIVISM PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION 88.5% of all arrests occurred for those who scored high on their risk assessment. 91.0% of all convictions occurred for those who scored high on their risk assessment. 90.6% of all revocations occurred for those who scored high on their risk assessment.

One Year Post Release RECIDIVISM By Unit At least one ARREST PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION At least one ARREST At least one CONVICTION At least one REVOCATION

One Year Post Release RECIDIVISM By Service/Program Referral PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION

Uniform Crime Reporting Crime Classification One Year Post Release RECIDIVISM Crime Classification PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION Uniform Crime Reporting Crime Classification Part I Offenses Part II Offenses 19.9% 80.1% Violent Property 12.3% 87.7% Motor-Vehicle Theft Burglary Larceny-Theft 54.4% 38.6% 5.3% Arson 1.8% * Classifications for all convictions, all offenses.

One Year Post Release RECIDIVISM Crime Classifications PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION When analyzing arrests and convictions (this includes all arrests and convictions, all charges, and both violent and non-violent offenses) the top three consisted of the following: Possession of a controlled substance Weapons related offenses Vehicle theft related offenses Top 3 arrests Top 3 convictions

All convictions, all charges One Year Post Release RECIDIVISM Crime Classifications PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION Table 1.4 AB109 Convictions by Offense Type (CDCR) Offense Type All convictions, all charges Count %   Total Felonies 179 54.9% Felony Person 10 5.6% Felony Property 72 40.2% Felony Drug/Alcohol 38 21.2% Felony Other 59 33.0% Felony Unknown 0.0% Total Misdemeanors 147 45.1% Misdemeanor Person 19 12.9% Misdemeanor Property 42 28.6% Misdemeanor Drug/Alcohol 36 24.5% Misdemeanor Other 49 33.3% Misdemeanor Unknown 1 0.7%

All convictions, all charges One Year Post Release RECIDIVISM Crime Classifications PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION Table 1.6 Breakdown of Violent Convictions for the AB109 Population   All convictions, all charges Count % Violent Offenses 23 7.1% Non-violent Offenses 303 92.9% Violent Offense Aggravated Assault 4 17.4% Arson 1 4.3% Other Assaults 13 56.5% Offenses Against the Family and Children 5 21.7%

Average days on supervision One Year Post Release Closed Cases PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION Closures Count % Closure Reasons Successful Completion 192 61.0% CDD reached 3 1.0% Deceased Deported 4 1.3% Early termination 14 4.4% Out of county transfer Prison due to new charge 36 11.4% Proposition 47 * 46 14.6% Other 33.0% 315 cases closed 343 Average days on supervision * Clients were closed as Proposition 47 cases due to the fact that their felony charges were modified to misdemeanors; when that occurs, the PRCS or LCS case closes.  

Average days on supervision One Year Post Release Successful Completes PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION Successful Completes Count % High Drug 22 11.5% High Property 7 3.6% High Property/Violent 26 13.5% High Violent 108 56.3% Moderate 25 13.0% Low 3 1.6% N/A 1 0.5% 61.0% 192 cases successful 371 Average days on supervision

One Year Post Release Warrant Reduction and Advocacy Program PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION Figures 1.13, 1.14, and 1.15 WRAP Clients by Arrest rate, Conviction rate, and Revocation Rate

Two Years Post Release RECIDIVISM 84.8% of all arrests occurred for those who scored high on their risk assessment. 84.3% of all convictions occurred for those who scored high on their risk assessment. PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION

Three Years Post Release RECIDIVISM 84.3% of all arrests occurred for those who scored high on their risk assessment. 82.2% of all convictions occurred for those who scored high on their risk assessment. PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION

Collaborative Courts COMPLIANCE RE-ENTRY COURT   Count % Total Number of Clients 91 --- # Carryovers 40 44.0% # of New Referrals 51 56.0% PRCS 65 71.4% LCS 26 28.6% Risk Level High Drug 15 16.5% High Property 10 11.0% High Property/Violent 36 39.6% High Violent Moderate 14 15.4% Low 1 1.1% At least 52.7% were compliant with the Provider, the Case Manager, or the Judge. PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION

Collaborative Courts MONITORING COURT   Count % Total Number of Clients 61 --- # Carryovers 34 55.7% # of New Referrals 27 44.3% Risk Level High Drug 2 3.3% High Drug/Violent 1 1.6% High Property 3 4.9% High Property/Violent 7 11.5% High Violent 45 73.8% Low 0.0% Moderate N/A PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION 77.0% were compliant with the Provider. 78.7% were compliant with the Court or Probation Officer. 95.1% were referred to a treatment program

Collaborative Courts PAROLE RE-ENTRY COURT   Count % Total Number of Clients 209 --- # Carryovers 113 54.1% # of New Referrals 96 45.9% PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION 49.8% were compliant with the Provider. 49.3% were compliant with the Court or Parole Agent. 81.3% were referred to a treatment program

Collaborative Courts MANDATORY SUPERVISION COURT   Count % Total Number of Clients 51 --- # of New Referrals 100.0% Risk Level High Drug 9 17.6% High Drug/Violent 1 2.0% High Property/Violent 17 33.3% High Violent 13 25.5% Moderate 7 13.7% N/A 4 7.8% PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION 62.7% were compliant with the Provider, Probation Officer, or the court. 81.3% were referred to a treatment program * MS Court Recidivism Rates are for a 90-day period in 2015, therefore is not comparable to other recidivism rates in this report.

Compliance Re-Entry Court Mandatory Supervision Court Collaborative Courts Crime Classification PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION   Compliance Re-Entry Court Monitoring Court Parole Re-Entry Court Mandatory Supervision Court Count % Total Felonies 5 50.0% 6 33.3% 9 29.0% 2 66.7% Felony Person 0.0% 1 16.7% Felony Property 3 60.0% 4 44.4% 100.0% Felony Drug/Alcohol 40.0% 22.2% Felony Other Felony Unknown Total Misdemeanors 12 22 71.0% Misdemeanor Person 18.2% Misdemeanor Property 22.7% Misdemeanor Drug/Alcohol Misdemeanor Other 54.5% Misdemeanor Unknown 4.5%

Community Based Organizations PROGRAM DATA   CPF El Concilio Fathers & Families Mary Magdalene Total Number of Clients 106 121 68* 92 # of clients served from last fiscal year 29 40 23 24 # of new referrals 77 81 45 68 Carryovers Only Did Not Accept Services 24.1% 20.0% 0.0% 20.8% Incarcerated Initial Refusal of Services 14.3% 12.5% Unable to Contact 85.7% 87.5% 80.0% Other Accepted Services 75.9% 100.0% 79.2% New Referrals Only 40.3% 32.1% 22.2% 36.8% 11.5% 22.6% 26.9% 40.0% 74.2% 61.5% 60.0% 3.2% 59.7% 67.9% 77.8% 63.2% PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION

Community Based Organizations PROGRAM DATA   CPF El Concilio Fathers & Families Mary Magdalene Total Number of Clients Served 68 87 58 62 # of clients served from last fiscal year (carryover) 22 32 23 19 # of new referrals 46 55 35 43 Client Type PRCS 73.5% 82.8% 84.5% 82.3% LCS 26.5% 17.2% 15.5% 17.7% Risk Level High 4.4% 3.4% 41.9% High Drug 10.3% 5.7% 4.8% High Drug/Violent 0.0% 1.1% High Drug/Property 1.5% 5.2% High Property 30.9% 18.4% 12.9% High Property/Violent 8.8% 11.5% 8.6% 6.5% High Violent 22.1% 21.8% 34.5% Low 5.9% 14.9% 3.2% Moderate 16.2% N/A PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION

Community Based Organizations PROGRAM DATA PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION   CPF El Concilio Fathers & Families Mary Magdalene Referral Reason AB109 14.7% 16.1% 8.6% 21.0% Client Request 5.9% 5.7% 22.4% 4.8% Help With Driver’s License 4.4% 3.4% 1.7% 3.2% Employment 15.5% 8.1% Multiple Reasons 10.3% 12.1% 11.3% Not Listed 36.8% 37.9% 24.1% 22.6% Other 17.6% 13.8% 29.0% Clothing 0.0% Education Housing 1.5% 5.2% Positive Peer Relationships 6.9% Reason Closed (out of those that accepted services and were closed) Incarcerated 10.5% 2.6% 1.9% Subsequent Refusal of Services 22.8% 57.1% 17.3% 34.5% Unable to Contact 14.0% 5.8% Services Completed* 49.1% 35.1% 75.0% 53.4% 3.5%

Community Based Organizations PROGRAM DATA Pre/Post Variables PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION   CPF El Concilio Fathers & Families Mary Magdalene Employed - Pre services 24.1% 15.0% 10.0% 8.3% Employed - Post services 58.6% 55.0% 66.7% 52.8% Family Support - Pre services 84.0% 83.3% 62.5% 74.1% Family Support - Post services 100.0% 95.8% 85.2% # of positive peer relationships at home - Pre services Average 1.3 1 2.2 Range 0 to 3 0 to 2 0 to 7 0 to 4 # of positive peer relationships at home - Post services 1.8 8.1 3 1 to 4 1 to 12 1 to 5

Community Based Organizations PROGRAM DATA   CPF El Concilio Fathers & Families Mary Magdalene Prosocial Activities % of Individuals involved in prosocial activities 32.4% 46.0% 39.7% 69.4% Total # of Prosocial Activities 137 431 158 200 Average 6.2 10.8 6.9 4.7 Range 1 to 48 1 to 64 1 to 32 1 to 17 Total # of Hours Spent on Prosocial Activities 513 2,972 409 680 23.3 74.3 17.8 15.8 Median 3 30 6 11 2 to 216 2 to 337 4 to 102 2 to 55 Type of Prosocial Activity Community Events 2 4 10 7 Family Events 9 26 Involvement with Faith-Based Community 1 Other (activities/events/programs) 15 5 19 Participation in Evidence-Based Programs School/Education Events 8 Volunteering Work-Related Events 13 25 PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION

Community Based Organizations PROGRAM DATA PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION   CPF El Concilio Fathers & Families Mary Magdalene Goals % of Individuals with goals set 72.1% 69.0% 84.5% 71.0% Average # of Goals 2.5 3.8 2.8 1.5 Average % of Goals Completed 40.0% 50.0% 53.6% 60.0% Average % of Goals Not Completed 46.4% Average # of Steps (* sample size too small) 4.2 5 3.9 * Average % of Steps Completed 45.2% 24.0% 28.2% Positive Peer Relationships/Bonds Formed % of Individuals involved in forming positive peer relationships/bonds 22.1% 42.5% 36.2% 67.7% Co-Worker(s) 1 2 Family Member(s) 30 3 31 Friend(s) 9 Individuals from the Faith-Based Community 19 Mentor(s) 6 7 10 Neighbor(s) Other Individuals/Groups from the Community 11 8 Peer(s) 16

Community Based Organizations RECIDIVISM PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION

Recidivism by Release Clients One Year Since Release, Recidivism Rate PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION Clients Two Years Since Release, Recidivism Rate Clients Three Years Since Release, Recidivism Rate

Conclusion Only 23.2% of AB109 clients were convicted of a new crime after one full year in the community both down from the previous years rates. In addition, as was the case in last year’s report, over three-fourths (80.1%) of the AB109 convictions were for Part II offenses. The high majority of those who were arrested, convicted, or who had a revocation were assessed as high risk indicating that the STRONG continues to be an effective tool. Of the hundreds of clients that have been served by the Collaborative Courts, the high majority were referred to a treatment program, and one half or more of the clients were found to be in compliance. Conviction rates for Compliance Court and for two of the four community based organizations providing case management services are lower than the overall AB109 conviction rate indicating a very promising sign of effective interventions. PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS METHODOLOGY ONE YEAR POST RELEASE TWO YEARS POST RELEASE THREE YEARS POST RELEASE COLLABORATIVE COURTS COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONCLUSION