Delivery strategies

2 Beginning 1 A Speech Before During 3 Ending 4

Audience Analysis First of all, several questions need to be BEFORE Audience Analysis First of all, several questions need to be answered before you start preparing your speech: To whom am I speaking? What do I want to achieve in this speech? What do I want them to know, believe, or do as a result of my speech? What do the audience want from the speech? What is the most effective way of composing and presenting my speech to accomplish that aim as well as satisfy the needs of my audience?

What are the three most important considerations in your planning? ACTIVITY 2 What are the three most important considerations in your planning? Three most important considerations are: Audience Content Delivery

AUDIENCE CENTEREDNESS INTEREST ATTITUDE DISPOSITION KNOWLEDGE TO SIZE PHYSICAL SETTING YOU EXPECTATIONS

Structuring your speech BEGINNING Structuring your speech Introduction Attention getter (anticipatory set): joke? story? statistics? visual? audio? Why use attention getters? - to focus audience attention on the speech. - to create an organizing framework for the ideas, or information that is to follow (advance organizers) Introduce topic of lesson. Relate attention getter to topic. Tie to the audience - why it is important for the audience to listen/what is in it for me? Preview main points

BODY OF LESSON Lesson Input Questions to ask: What? When? How? DURING BODY OF LESSON Lesson Input Questions to ask: What? When? How? What? : Contents of your speech. When? : Organization of the contents. How? : Method of delivering your speech.

ORGANIZATION OF CONTENTS Topical order : The lesson is divided into sub-topics, each of which covers one aspect of the main content/ input. Chronological order : The lesson follows a time pattern in which you may narrate a series of events in the sequence in which they happen. Spatial order : The lesson follow a directional pattern. That is, the main points proceed from top to bottom, left to right, front to back, inside to outside, or some other route. Causal order : The lesson input is organized according to a cause-effect relationship. Problem-solution order : The lesson is divided into two main parts – the first showing a problem , the second giving the solution .

Methods of Delivery (1) Manuscript – a speech that is written out word for word and is read to the audience. Extemporaneous – a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes. Impromptu - a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation.

Methods of Delivery (2) AUDIENCE APPEAL attire eye contact enthusiasm facial expression posture gestures voice

ATTIRE Crooked tie or scarf. Smeared make up or uncovered blemishes. Open zippers, exposed shirt tails. Pens or papers sticking out of pockets. Food stains on your clothes. Food stuck to your teeth. Slips showing or torn pantyhose

EYE CONTACT

Facial Expression One of the most important ways of conveying feeling. SMILE FROWN One of the most important ways of conveying feeling.

VOICE Volume – loudness/ softness. Pitch – high/ low, (inflections vs monotone). Rate – speed of speech. Pauses – momentary break. Pronunciation – accepted standard. Articulation – physical production of particular sounds.

Gestures The hands speak by themselves – By them we ask, promise, invoke, dismiss, threaten, entreat, deprecate, By them we express fear, joy, grief, our doubts, or penitence; we show moderation or profession and mark number and time. Quintillian Gestures should illustrate not distract from your message. Gestures should appear appropriate, natural and spontaneous.

What does it mean? Posture that is… P O S T U R E UPRIGHT = CONFIDENT RIGID = DISCOMFORT SLOUCHED = LACK OF CONFIDENCE LEANING FORWARD = INTERESTED/ WANT TO COMMUNICATE CROSSED ARMS = UNINTERESTED/ NOT PART OF `GROUP’ FACING DIRECTLY = OPEN COMMUNICATION TURNS AWAY = UNWILLINGNESS TO PARTICIPATE/ ANNOYANCE How you carry yourself conveys your self-image, and desire to communicate with others. CLOSED vs OPEN Posture

ENTHUSIASM

DELIVERY CHECKLIST