Daily Oral Review (DOR) What is your favorite school subject? What should I know about you so I can help you succeed in chemistry? What are your hobbies? 4) What is your favorite TV show? 5) What is your favorite book? 6) What sports do you like?

The Scientific Method

The scientific method is used to help you find the answer to a problem using logical steps that make it easier to solve.

The Scientific Method:

Steps of the scientific method: Observe surroundings and gather info Ask a question. qualitative observations: use words to describe examples: sulfur is yellow boiling water is hot quantitative observations: use numbers to describe example: sulfur has 16 protons water boils at 100C

Form a hypothesis to explain observations and/or a problem. A hypothesis must be: Testable Refutable (able to be proved wrong)

Conduct an experiment to collect data in order to support/refute hypothesis Some experiments have the following: independent/manipulated variable: YOU manipulate and change this variable dependent/responding variable: this responds to the changes made in the independent variable control: serves as a standard for comparison; nothing is changed in a controlled variable

4. Draw conclusions based on data to either support or refute the hypothesis. A theory is an explanation that has been supported by many experiments and by different people. Theories attempt to explain WHY/HOW things occur. Examples: Big Bang Theory Theory of Evolution

A law is relationship that describes something that is known to occur without exception. Laws do NOT explain why things occur. Examples: Law of Gravity Law of Conservation of Mass

You might see the scientific method “expressed” different ways, but it basically involves the same steps hypothesis experimentation theory repeatedly get same results without exception law

How will the scientific data that is collected during an experiment be communicated to others so that they can try to repeat the experiment?

Graphs a visual display of data used to discover relationships between the independent and dependent variable.

Bar Graph = purpose is to compare trends in size (magnitude)

Pie Chart (Circle Graph) = purpose is to show parts of a whole (percentages)

Line Graph = purpose is to show changes in data over time Solubility Curve for Salts

Measurement Reliability Accuracy: the closeness of a measured value to its accepted value Precision: the repeatability of a measurement