Blood Components

Tissues and Fluids 92% Blood 8% Formed Elements 48% Plasma 55% #1 Erythrocytes (RBC’s) Life span 120 days Made in Red bone marrow 2.5 million die and are replaced every second Hematocrit indicates volume of RBC’s (normal 37- 47%) Transports gasses on HGB = 95% of proteins in a RBC, 280 million molecules of HGB/RBC Old cells removed by liver, converted to bile, escreted in liver. Iron is recycled. Erythropoietin = hormone that controls the production of RBC 4.2 – 6.2 million/mm3

Red cell dissorders Anemia Iron deficiency Hemorrhagic Polycythemia Vera- in RBC’s Aplastic - marrow fails to produce new red blood cells Pernicious - not enough vit. B12 Sikle cell - genetic

White Blood cells Leukocytes There are five types of WBC’s. 5000 -10000/mm3 #1 Neutrophils – most common type 40 – 70% Also called PMN’s – many nuclei, highly mobile, first to sight of injury Only live about 12 hours Granules stain neutral Phagocytes mainly against bacteria

Lymphocytes 20 – 40% Second most common Make anitbodies T-cells, B-cells Elevated during viral infections

Monocytes 2-10% Largest WBC Hang out in the tissues and become active when needed Use blood stream for a highway to get around Sanitary engineers May fuse to become bigger to engulf large particles Attract other WBC’s to injury sight

Eosinophils 1-6% Granuals stain red Phagocytic cells that target foreign compounds that have reacted with antiboides Increase dramatically during allergic reactions of parasitic infections

Basophils <1% Stain dark with basic dyes Discharge histamine at sites of injury causing inflamation Attracts other WBC’s to area

Leukemia – cancer Leukocytosis – too many WBC’s Leukopenia – Low WBC count

Thrombocytes platlets 5000 – 10000/mm3 Arise from megakaryocyte Involved in blood clotting Live 10 – 12 days

Plasma 55% of blood volume Enzymes, lipids, inorganic salts, vitamins Water 92% Protiens 7% Albumin 33% Globulins 38% Fibrinogen 7%