List the rights given by the 1st Amendment. February 12, 2013 R.A.W. List the rights given by the 1st Amendment. AIM 66 How did fear during WWI lead to restriction of some people’s Constitutional Rights?

How did fear and suspicion during WWI lead to restriction of some people’s Constitutional Rights?

I. America at Home During WWI 1917 Espionage Act -- you can be jailed for suspected spying and/or sabotage 1918 Sedition Act -- NO ANTI-WAR DEMONSTARATIONS!

Schenck v. United States 249 U.S. 47 (1919) Argued: January 9, 1919 Decided: March 3, 1919 Facts of the Case During World War I, Schenck mailed circulars to draftees. The circulars suggested that the draft was a monstrous wrong motivated by the capitalist system. The circulars urged "Do not submit to intimidation" but advised only peaceful action such as petitioning to repeal the Conscription Act. Schenck was charged with conspiracy to violate the Espionage Act by attempting to cause insubordination in the military and to obstruct recruitment.

II Schenck v. The United States 1919 Supreme Court ruled that FREE SPEECH can be taken away. When? During WARTIME Congress has the right to prevent words that cause a “clear and present danger.” Chief Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes

To draw this country into the horrors of the present war in Europe, to force the youth of our land into the shambles and bloody trenches of war crazy nations, would be a crime the magnitude of which defies description. Words could not express the condemnation such cold-blooded ruthlessness deserves.

II The Sedition Act of 1918 The Sedition Act of 1918 made it a crime to speak or publish anything “disloyal, profane, . . . or abusive” about the government, Constitution, the flag, or military services of the U.S.

___Many Germans thought that the Treaty of Versailles was unfair because a) Germany was not involved in the crises which led to the War b) the bases for peace in the 14 Points were ignored in the Treaty of Versailles c) the U.S. claimed many of Germany’s former colonies d) they resented the loss of Alsace-Lorraine to Britain

United States Senators who opposed the Treaty of Versailles mainly objected to 1. United States membership in the League of Nations 2. payment of reparations by Germany to the Allied Nations 3. the transfer of Germany’s colonial possessions to the League of Nations 4. the creation of new and independent nations in Eastern Europe

___The harsh conditions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles after WWI helped lay the foundation for the a) rise of fascism in Nazi Germany b) uprisings during the French Revolutions c) divisions of Korea along the 38th parallel d) Bolshevik Revolution in Russia