What’s coming up??? Nov 17 Periodic properties Ch. 10

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Presentation transcript:

What’s coming up??? Nov 17 Periodic properties Ch. 10 Oct 25 The atmosphere, part 1 Ch. 8 Oct 27 Midterm … No lecture Oct 29 The atmosphere, part 2 Ch. 8 Nov 1 Light, blackbodies, Bohr Ch. 9 Nov 3,5 Postulates of QM, p-in-a-box Ch. 9 Nov 8,10 Hydrogen and multi – e atoms Ch. 9 Nov 12 Multi-electron atoms Ch.9,10 Nov 15 Periodic properties Ch. 10 Nov 17 Periodic properties Ch. 10 Nov 19,22 Valence-bond; Lewis structures Ch. 11 Nov 24 Hybrid orbitals; VSEPR Ch. 11, 12 Nov 26 VSEPR Ch. 12 Nov 29 MO theory Ch. 12 Dec 1 MO theory Ch. 12 Dec 2 Review for exam

We use the radial probability distributions, as well as the concepts of screening and penetration to understand the periodic properties of the elements.

E4s < E3d In a multi-electron atom Zeff(s) > Zeff(p) > Zeff(d) ENERGY LEVELS REVERSE!! E4s < E3d S-orbital penetrates closer to nucleus

Closer proximity to nucleus  Higher effective nuclear charge, Zeff

Increasing n Shielding by inner shells Increasing Zeff Similar shielding

Atomic volume … density

The Values of First Ionization Energy for the Elements in the First Six Periods

Trends in Ionization Energies for the Representative Elements

Radii and ionization energies both show trends due to shielding and Zeff effects

The Electronic Affinity Values for Atoms Among the First 20 Elements that Form Stable, Isolated X- Ions Rough trend is increasing exothermicity across the table

Names for Groups in the Periodic Table