Lecture 9 Saturday, April 22nd Kristina Gonzales, BS, MHA

Wrap Up Gonzales, Spring 2017

Discussion…pages 85-105

Writing Effective Sentences Gonzales, Spring 2017

Aka Independent clauses Language Arts- Lesson 1 Simple Sentences Aka Independent clauses Subject  person, place or thing Verb  word that tells what action the subject is doing or links the subject to a modifier Gonzales, Spring 2017

Language Arts- Lesson 1 Simple Sentences Compound subject: linked with “and, or neither, nor” Joe waited for the train. "Joe" = subject, "waited" = verb   The train was late. "The train" = subject, "was" = verb   Mary and Samantha took the bus. "Mary and Samantha" = compound subject, "took" = verb   I looked for Mary and Samantha at the bus station. "I" = subject, "looked" = verb   Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station early but waited until noon for the bus. "Mary and Samantha" = compound subject, "arrived" and "waited" = compound verb   Gonzales, Spring 2017

Language Arts- Lesson 1 Simple Sentences Fragment  missing either a subject or the verb; incomplete sentence Must have correct end punctuation Gonzales, Spring 2017

Compound and Complex Sentences Language Arts- Lesson 2 Compound and Complex Sentences Join 2 or more independent clauses in one compound sentence Choose a logical coordinating conjunction to join the independent clauses “and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet” Insert a comma before the coordinating conjunction Complex sentences  made up of an independent clause and a subordinate clause  subject and verb but it does not express a complex thought Subordinate conjunction  shows the relationship Gonzales, Spring 2017

Run-Ons and Comma Splices Language Arts- Lesson 3 Run-Ons and Comma Splices Run-on  2 independent clauses are combined without proper punctuation Comma splices  2 sentences are joined with just a comma; add a coordinating conjunction after the comma Gonzales, Spring 2017

Language Arts- Lesson 4 Subordinate Ideas Sentences need to flow smoothly, eliminate choppy sentences You can use subordination to fix this Predicate  what is being said about the subject Gonzales, Spring 2017

Language Arts- Lesson 5 Modify Ideas Modifiers words and phrases used to add description details They make writing clearer, more specific, and more interesting Dangling modifier  word or phrase at the beginning of the sentence that has no clear subject to describe Misplaced modifier  poorly place in the sentence Gonzales, Spring 2017

Language Arts- Lesson 6 Parallel Structure Sentences that lists 2 or more words, phrases, or clauses, the elements in the list must be in the same grammatical form  parallel structure Make sure verb is in the same form and tense Parallel in form and wording Each list must have single words, short phrases, or clauses Use commas Gonzales, Spring 2017

Life Science Gonzales, Spring 2017

Lesson 4: Health Issues 3 ways our health can be affected: infections, nutrition, & substance abuse Infection  invasion of the body by germs (microorganisms) Characterized by fever & other symptoms Germs enter body by: -breaks in the skin  example: tetanus -air  example: influenza -contaminated food & water  example: food poisoning -sexual activity  example: gonorrhea Most common germs: bacteria & viruses The earliest americans traveled from Asia to North America. These americans were called “Native Americans”. They were the first to settle, until an explorer name Christopher Columbus arrived. There were many explorers traveling and discovering the world in the late 1400s. In 1492, CC set out across the Atlantic ocean. He was rejected by multiple Kings, and finally went to Spain and convinced them finance his trip. At first he assumed he found India and later on it was discovered that he actually found the “new world”. After this discovery, European nations set out to conquer what they could. In other terms, they discovered new “colonies”. Was about power, wealth, and place to live Gonzales, Spring 2017

Lesson 4: Health Issues Body has natural defenses against infection: ex. Skin, mucous membrane in nose, tears, stomach acid *if germs pass these barriers… the immune system creates antibodies  destroys germs *infectious diseases are less common in developed nations because: Better nutrition – living conditions – safe water – sewage systems Immunization  protection against specific infectious diseases antibiotics  drugs that fight bacteria The earliest americans traveled from Asia to North America. These americans were called “Native Americans”. They were the first to settle, until an explorer name Christopher Columbus arrived. There were many explorers traveling and discovering the world in the late 1400s. In 1492, CC set out across the Atlantic ocean. He was rejected by multiple Kings, and finally went to Spain and convinced them finance his trip. At first he assumed he found India and later on it was discovered that he actually found the “new world”. After this discovery, European nations set out to conquer what they could. In other terms, they discovered new “colonies”. Was about power, wealth, and place to live Gonzales, Spring 2017

**you need a well-balanced diet** Lesson 4: Health Issues Nutrients  needed for growth, normal functioning & maintenance of cells They come from food Examples: proteins, carbs, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water **you need a well-balanced diet** Drugs  substances that affect the structure or function of the body Uses: treat disease or relieve symptoms Drug abuse – nonmedical use of a drug that affects a person’s normal functioning This leads to addiction  severe form of dependence that causes physical changes in body so that when drug wears off, withdrawal symptoms The earliest americans traveled from Asia to North America. These americans were called “Native Americans”. They were the first to settle, until an explorer name Christopher Columbus arrived. There were many explorers traveling and discovering the world in the late 1400s. In 1492, CC set out across the Atlantic ocean. He was rejected by multiple Kings, and finally went to Spain and convinced them finance his trip. At first he assumed he found India and later on it was discovered that he actually found the “new world”. After this discovery, European nations set out to conquer what they could. In other terms, they discovered new “colonies”. Was about power, wealth, and place to live Gonzales, Spring 2017

Lesson 4: Health Issues Milder form of dependence  psychological dependence or habituation  urge to take is strong, with no withdrawal systems Examples: weed, hallucinogens Glue, gas, aerosols  inhalants  sniffed for their effect on the nervous system; slows down the nervous system The earliest americans traveled from Asia to North America. These americans were called “Native Americans”. They were the first to settle, until an explorer name Christopher Columbus arrived. There were many explorers traveling and discovering the world in the late 1400s. In 1492, CC set out across the Atlantic ocean. He was rejected by multiple Kings, and finally went to Spain and convinced them finance his trip. At first he assumed he found India and later on it was discovered that he actually found the “new world”. After this discovery, European nations set out to conquer what they could. In other terms, they discovered new “colonies”. Was about power, wealth, and place to live Gonzales, Spring 2017

Lesson 5: Reproduction & Heredity All species reproduce in some way 2 types of reproduction: Asexual  individual organism produces offspring identical to the parent Example: budding Sexual  2 sex cells combine to form unique offspring with characteristics from both parent cells Sperm and ova Traits  physical characteristics of organisms Passing of traits fro parents to offspring in sexual reproduction  heredity The earliest americans traveled from Asia to North America. These americans were called “Native Americans”. They were the first to settle, until an explorer name Christopher Columbus arrived. There were many explorers traveling and discovering the world in the late 1400s. In 1492, CC set out across the Atlantic ocean. He was rejected by multiple Kings, and finally went to Spain and convinced them finance his trip. At first he assumed he found India and later on it was discovered that he actually found the “new world”. After this discovery, European nations set out to conquer what they could. In other terms, they discovered new “colonies”. Was about power, wealth, and place to live Gonzales, Spring 2017

Lesson 5: Reproduction & Heredity 1st person of heredity  passing of traits from parents to offspring in sexual reproduction – Gregor Mendel He observed & bred plants Experimental with purebred pea plants Kept experimenting & concluded… Inheritance  individual factors from each parent plant control specific traits Genes  factors that control traits Different forms of genes = alleles Dominant allele  controls the appearance of the traits Recessive allele  trait is hidden **For recessive to show, individual must Inherit 2 recessive alleles hybrid  Offspring 1 parent (mom) 1 parent (dad)

Algebra Basics… Gonzales, Spring 2017

Lesson 5: Absolute Values Absolute value  is its distance from zero on the number line -because the distance is always positive, the absolute value of any positive or negative number is always positive The earliest americans traveled from Asia to North America. These americans were called “Native Americans”. They were the first to settle, until an explorer name Christopher Columbus arrived. There were many explorers traveling and discovering the world in the late 1400s. In 1492, CC set out across the Atlantic ocean. He was rejected by multiple Kings, and finally went to Spain and convinced them finance his trip. At first he assumed he found India and later on it was discovered that he actually found the “new world”. After this discovery, European nations set out to conquer what they could. In other terms, they discovered new “colonies”. Was about power, wealth, and place to live Gonzales, Spring 2017

Lesson 6: Algebraic Expressions Algebraic expressions  uses numbers, operations, and variables to show number relationships Variables  letters that represent unknown numbers Simplifying and Evaluating Expressions Simplifying an expression Terms  a number, a variable, or the product or quotient of numbers and variables Like terms Distributive property Evaluating The earliest americans traveled from Asia to North America. These americans were called “Native Americans”. They were the first to settle, until an explorer name Christopher Columbus arrived. There were many explorers traveling and discovering the world in the late 1400s. In 1492, CC set out across the Atlantic ocean. He was rejected by multiple Kings, and finally went to Spain and convinced them finance his trip. At first he assumed he found India and later on it was discovered that he actually found the “new world”. After this discovery, European nations set out to conquer what they could. In other terms, they discovered new “colonies”. Was about power, wealth, and place to live Gonzales, Spring 2017

Lesson 6: Algebraic Expressions Simplifying and Evaluating Expressions Factor and multiples Factors  when you multiply 2 numbers to create a product, the numbers you multiply are the factors Prime numbers  positive whole numbers with only two positive factors, 1 and the number itself Prime factorization  includes more than two factors Greatest common factor (GCF)  largest number that divides evenly into both integers Least common multiple (LCM)  smallest number that both integers divide into The earliest americans traveled from Asia to North America. These americans were called “Native Americans”. They were the first to settle, until an explorer name Christopher Columbus arrived. There were many explorers traveling and discovering the world in the late 1400s. In 1492, CC set out across the Atlantic ocean. He was rejected by multiple Kings, and finally went to Spain and convinced them finance his trip. At first he assumed he found India and later on it was discovered that he actually found the “new world”. After this discovery, European nations set out to conquer what they could. In other terms, they discovered new “colonies”. Was about power, wealth, and place to live Gonzales, Spring 2017