Energy Level Arrangements

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Presentation transcript:

Energy Level Arrangements How does one know how many electrons are found in each energy level for a given atom? Here are some simple steps to follow when determining the number of electrons in each energy level. First locate where the element is found in the Periodic Table. To demonstrate here’s how to determine the energy level arrangement for S.

Next assign group numbers to the periodic table. 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 These numbers represent the number of electrons in the last energy level

Next assign row numbers. 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 + 4 5 6 7 These numbers represent the number of energy levels atoms of this element have.

and 6 e1- in the last energy level S has 3 energy levels and 6 e1- in the last energy level 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 + 4 5 6 7

Draw blank lines for each of the energy levels The number of e1- in the 2nd last energy level is always determined by subtracting the number of e1- already placed from the total number in a S atom. 16 - (2+6) = 16-8 = 8 # of e1- in each level 2 8 6 Energy level # 1 2 3 Here is a Bohr-Rutherford Diagram

16S 6e1- 8e1- 2e1- 16 p1+

Now it’s your turn. Determine the number of electrons in each energy level for an atom of tin and then construct a Bohr-Rutherford diagram.

Next assign row numbers. 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 5 + 6 7 These numbers represent the number of energy levels atoms of this element have.

and 4 e1- in the last energy level Sn has 5 energy levels and 4 e1- in the last energy level 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 5 + 6 7

Draw blank lines for each of the energy levels The number of e1- in the 2nd last energy level is always determined by subtracting the number of e1- already placed from the total number in a Sn atom. 50 - (2+8+18+4) = 50-32 = 18 # of e1- in each level 2 8 18 18 4 Energy level # 1 2 3 4 5 Here is a Bohr-Rutherford Diagram

4e1- 50Sn 18e1- 18e1- 8e1- 2e1- 50 p1+

Now it’s your turn. Determine the energy level arrangements and draw the Bohr Rutherford Diagrams for each of the following: 27Co, 45Rh, 56Ba, 23V.

and 2 e1- in the last energy level Co has 4 energy levels and 2 e1- in the last energy level 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 + 5 6 7

Draw blank lines for each of the energy levels The number of e1- in the 2nd last energy level is always determined by subtracting the number of e1- already placed from the total number in a Co atom (27 - (2+8+2) = 27-12 = 15 # of e1- in each level 2 8 15 2 Energy level # 1 2 3 4 Here is a Bohr-Rutherford Diagram

27Co 2e1- 15e1- 8e1- 2e1- 27 p1+

and 2 e1- in the last energy level Rh has 5 energy levels and 2 e1- in the last energy level 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 5 + 6 7

Draw blank lines for each of the energy levels The number of e1- in the 2nd last energy level is always determined by subtracting the number of e1- already placed from the total number in a Rh atom (45 - (2+8+18+2) = 45-30 = 15 # of e1- in each level 2 8 18 15 2 Energy level # 1 2 3 4 5 Here is a Bohr-Rutherford Diagram

2e1- 45Rh 15e1- 18e1- 8e1- 2e1- 45 p1+

and 2 e1- in the last energy level Ba has 6 energy levels and 2 e1- in the last energy level 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 5 6 + 7

Draw blank lines for each of the energy levels The number of e1- in the 2nd last energy level is always determined by subtracting the number of e1- already placed from the total number in a Ba atom (56 - (2+8+18+18+2) = 56-48 = 8 # of e1- in each level 2 8 18 18 8 2 Energy level # 1 2 3 4 5 6 Here is a Bohr-Rutherford Diagram

2e1- 8e1- 56Ba 18e1- 18e1- 8e1- 2e1- 56 p1+

and 2 e1- in the last energy level V has 4 energy levels and 2 e1- in the last energy level 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 + 5 6 7

Draw blank lines for each of the energy levels The number of e1- in the 2nd last energy level is always determined by subtracting the number of e1- already placed from the total number in a Va atom (23 - (2+8+2) = 23-12 = 11 # of e1- in each level 2 8 11 2 Energy level # 1 2 3 4 Here is a Bohr-Rutherford Diagram

23V 2e1- 11e1- 8e1- 2e1- 27 p1+