Research illustration Xiaojian Zhang

Topic: The Brexit bring large political, economic and culture evolution for the UK and World. The political effect for the country policy, the economic effect on the pound values change and trade policy change, the culture have contact with country population structure which contact with immigration policy. Brexit Brought effect for individuals, public and world. It is have advantage and disadvantage effect we show to face. The Brexit is a double-edged sword, it must bring positive effect and negative impact on the short-term and long-term. However, the we could make the result for good tendency and make benefit for long-term. If we solve this problem on suitable way, it is a good opportunity for improve today problem.

Subtopic 1: Claim: The people have conflict attitude for the Brexit, the large difference making them must break out at one day. Reason 1: The voting result 51.9% vs 48.1%, and the difference voting preference on each voting area shows the opinion for Brexit have conflict attitude. Reason 2: The Brexit economic, political and culture systems difference with the EU members, which make them lack the acknowledge of each other. Reason 3: The UK as a halfway participant, they have not been as Germany, France, as the founding countries so determined to stay in the EU. Reason 4: The UK race conflict become more and more dangerous, it is important make the UK and EU have a clearly relationship.

Subtopic 1: necessary step The Brexit is a necessary step for the UK and the EU, the UK always have physical and mentally distance with the EU. Long term seemingly in harmony but actually at variance make them be bound to break up.

Synthesis On the "EU referendum results and maps: Full breakdown and find out how your area voted” Malcolm Coles and Ashley Kirk show the vote result for the UK, it is the background show the UK different attitude for the Brexit. The resources help us by providing data that examines the relationship between vote leaving or stand people thinking. The result different no more than 3% prove the UK conflict feeling with the EU. The second is “United Kingdom GDP” from the world bank, which show the economic background, the economic are important part for the country, we from the data could see how large impact with the UK economic, which also an important reason because the UK take too many duty fees for the EU.

Source perspective 1: Malcolm Coles and Ashley Kirk (2016) "EU referendum results and maps: Full breakdown and find out how your area voted"  There for show the voting result 51.9% vs 48.1%, and the difference voting preference on each voting area shows the opinion for Brexit have conflict attitude. This data will show the background for the voting result for the Brexit. The result should 51.9% supporting leaving the EU which have the member of the half for the UK. I think the data could show the UK public for the Brexit have conflict feeling because the Brexit for the UK and the world could be a double-edged sword. The vote data could show the British citizens conflict attitude to the Brexit. This background will useful make the reader know the Brexit effect on the UK. And for the time sequence, I think it is necessary show the Brexit resources then come back to talk about the background, which make the writing more logicaly.

Source perspective 2: The British economic database Treading economic (2016) “United Kingdom GDP” http://www.tradingeconomics.com/united- kingdom/gdp There for showed the Brexit economic, political and culture systems difference with the EU members, which make them lack the acknowledge of each other. This resource show the UK economic background could make the reader have a clearly thinking with the UK power. It is show the distance with the UK and the EU members, long time economic, policy and culture different. The difference is the important reason for the Brexit. I showed the difference with them and British past success, emphasize the conflict with the Brexit. I think it is necessary because we need know the background about the UK country problem. The data help us directly know the UK power. Show the important reason for Brexit, then make the reader thinking about the advantage and disadvantage.

Source perspective 3： From Ben Stansall （2016）“Money, Hate And Hard Feelings: Brexit Fallout Continues In U.K., Europe” There show the UK race conflict become more and more dangerous, it is important make the UK and EU have a clearly relationship. The resource show the British people tired feeling for the other country feeling, we could see from the Brexit this feeling become larger and larger, this area we use that could show the conflict environment for the UK, it brought the mess which should solve more quickly, from the source we could see "Hatred ... damages communities," Reports of racist graffiti, verbal abuse and hate crimes have increased in the wake of the Brexit vote, with some British commentators pointing to the anti-immigration rhetoric of the "Leave" campaign as legitimizing British racism. On a Facebook group called "Worrying Signs," British residents are sharing incidents that they describe as racist or xenophobic, including a large number of people who say strangers on the street have shouted at them to "go home." Polish and other Eastern European immigrants, nonwhite people and anyone who appears to be Muslim report particularly frequent harassment. News outlets have also been covering individual incidents of harassment.” So it is important show this environment for the reader make them know the UK have strong feeling leaving the EU, and show the dangerous environment tendency when the UK still do not have a clearly relationship with the EU, the UK and the EU distance not just on the geography but also on the feeling. I show this want the reader know how seriousness when the UK with EU still continue this unclear relationship.

Subtopic 2: Claim: The Brexit can bring positive change for the UK economic, political and population structuration. Reason 1: The UK will as a independence country, they policy does not care the other 28 EU members agree, they could for them special environment set policy. Reason 2: The UK can develop a market independence from Brussels policy and restrictions. Reason 3: The UK can leaving “free movement” systems then make suitable immigration policy for themselves. Reason 4: The EU immigration policy brought the society mess like terrorist attack, for example, French terrorist attack, the Franch as powerful country at the EU, they hard to solve this problem, not to mention other countries. Reason 5: The UK paid lots of “member duty fee” for the EU, and the fees still growth, leaving the EU could avoid this lose.

Subtopic 2: Brexit will bring positive effect to improve the UK exist problems. After Brexit could make the UK leaving the EU, and helpful the UK decide suitable to them country policy. For the economic, the Brexit will helpful the UK do not undertake EU “duty fees”. For the country policy, the UK could more quickly set suitable to them country policy without care other country agree. For the immigration problem, the UK could set policy to improve country population construct and country safe problem.

Synthesis From the Brian Wheeler & Alex Hunt (2016) “Brexit: All you need to know about the UK leaving the EU” we could see the EU “free movement” policy brought problem for each country, many country face the population contract change and country safe problem. This problems are hard to solve because the EU ask the each member need follow this policy. It is not suitable for many EU member country environment. Not for the specific problem choice specific solve way. Consider to the recently news such as French terrorist attack, we could see the EU policy have lack on the immigration problem. Secondly, from the resources “Some reasons why Brexit is good for Britain.” we could see the Brexit will positive for the UK building a independent market and without pay the membership fee. The UK may develop a market independent from Brussels policy and restrictions, which is best benefit for the UK future. Thirdly, from the Sean O'Grady (2016) "10 reasons to feel positive after Brexit“, we see the EU conservation have their positive and negative effect on the past, we see as a 28 countries group, the EU policy hard make each country satisfaction. We see this organization change to be more and more diverse and slow development, and have lots of bureaucratic organization shortage. On the other hand, the EU make the independence country no like an independence anymore, which make the UK want leaving the EU.

Positive effect ( for the opinion) Show the background with immigration policy conflict 1. Brian Wheeler & Alex Hunt (2016) “Brexit: All you need to know about the UK leaving the EU” website There for show The UK can leaving “free movement” systems then make suitable immigration policy for themselves. And show the EU immigration policy brought the society mess like terrorist attack, for example, French terrorist attack, the Franch as powerful country at the EU, they hard to solve this problem, not to mention other countries. This resources from the BBC news and it show the opinion for the immigration policy. The immigration policy is an important topic for the Brexit. For this resources, we can know the background for why the UK have the policy limited for the immigration problem. We could analysis the advantage and disadvantage for the UK. We know the disadvantage is the immigration was brought the terrorist attack and make the country work population work environment changed, which hurt the country steady environment. But everything have double effect, the EU immigration also bring the positive effect for free work on the European. We compare with the positive and negative, the country safe and steady are more important for the European work free. Secondly, the free movement just focus on the European, which also not positive for the global free movement, so I get conclusion for this part is the negative effect will more than the positive effect for the “free movement”, it not just focus on the past, it also could effect on the future. The immigration problem are very important for each country because it effect with the economic, policy and country culture. On today, the EU terrorist attack so frequently, immigration problem be the secondly important problem just next to economic. I will put it at second source at here, it will have contact with the background and also effect for the global communication, so this resources will very useful for my writing. This is a connecting link between the preceding and the following.

Sources 2:Some reasons why Brexit is good for Britain https://www. rt There for show The UK can develop a market independence from Brussels policy and restrictions. This sources take about the economic part change after Brexit, we see the UK leaving the EU could lose the EU support but on the other hand, it is benefit for them independence market. The UK market have many limited by the EU, the UK leaving the EU may develop a market independent from Brussels policy and restrictions. Non-EU countries like Norway, Iceland and Switzerland have their own trade agreements and are doing just fine. UK will also be able to re-negotiate better trading terms with the EU and non- EU countries alike. London would also save billions of pounds in annual EU contributions. And similar the last resources, in the economic part, The UK now has room to clinch new trade deals without seeking the consensus of 28 quarrelling countries. For the British pound, lose value also revive the country’s industries.

Show the opinion for the financial problem, free trade 3. Sean O'Grady (2016) "10 reasons to feel positive after Brexit"  http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/brexit- what-next-reasons-to-be-positive-eu-referendum-jeremy-corbyn-a7104016.html There for show The UK will as a independence country, they policy does not care the other 28 EU members agree, they could for them special environment set policy. And The UK paid lots of “member duty fee” for the EU, and the fees still growth, leaving the EU could avoid this lose. This resource is show the background for the EU negotiate, and provide the opinion for the leaving EU will make the UK have more freedom on the trade deals. We see the EU are 28 countries organization, the advantage is it contain so much country make them have powerful voice on the world. The EU contain so many country have more power than each European country, regional integration in this part make the benefit for the EU members. However, their still need clearly to see the regional imbalance for the EU, different country have different require for the EU, so the negotiate is easily be compromise which is hard to satisfaction for every country. So leaving the EU is positive for financial and immigration policy independence for the UK. The UK still have contact with the EU but their not be the member at the EU. It is helpful for the UK leaving the EU policy limited. As a member of the EU, it is hard trade deals with other countries without EU policy, but the EU member growth still make the EU face bureaucratization. The resource shows the opinion that leaving the EU is better for the UK free trade. It is contact with EU organization problem will be a profession conclusion with financial problem.

Subtopic 3: The Brexit will bring negative impact for the UK Subtopic 3: The Brexit will bring negative impact for the UK. But the UK still have opportunity to improve the risk. The Brexit bring negative impact for the UK are same with the positive effect, the negative effect will also from the political, economic and country effect. For the political, the Brexit could face the Scotland independence problem because the Scotland have many citizens willing on the EU, the Brexit may add the country conflict. For the economic, leaving the EU will lose the EU economic policy support, the UK in the short-term will face FDI, GDP decrease. For the country effect, the UK will lose impact power on the EU. All of this are the risk for the UK, but the UK still could make the policy building a new relationship with the EU.

Subtopic 3 Claim: The UK should build a new relationship with the EU for solve the negative effect form Brexit. Reason 1: The large difference voting result for England and Scotland, it could bring Scotland dependence problem for the UK Reason 2: The UK economic could be unsteady at future due to leaving the EU policy support. Reason 3: The UK will lose their effect power at EU because they not be the member at the EU. Reason 4: The European still have country not join the EU and they have steady economic, political communication with the EU. Reason 5: The UK and the EU still need each other, which create the communication opportunity for them.

Synthesis The Brexit is a double-edged sword for the British. We see the positive for the Brexit, but we can not ignore the negative effect for the Brexit. The negative still from the political, economic and country effect three parts effect the UK. From Scotland politics (2016) “New Scottish independence bill published” we could see the Scotland dependence will be a large problem for the UK, but this problem initiative still belong to the UK. The Scotland politics will have lots of problems at short-term, but if it could have suitable way handle, it will be solve at future. Secondly, From the Thomas and Van Reenen, John (2014) “Brexit or Fixit? The trade and welfare effects of leaving the European Union.” we could see the UK economic will be unsteady at future. It will have decrease due to leaving the EU policy support, this resource show the UK negative effect at future. But on the other hand, it give a solve way such as other European not join EU country their policy with the EU. The UK could find a solve way and make the UK with EU have a steady relationship at future. Thirdly, from the Swati Dhingra "The impact of Brexit on foreign investment in the UK“ we can see the UK will lose their effect power at the EU because they not be the member at the EU. But the UK could build a new relationship with the UK, and building a new state with the EU. There are still have opportunity add the UK country effect.

Source perspective 1: From Scotland politics (2016) “New Scottish independence bill published” http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-scotland-politics-37708545 There for show The large difference voting result for England and Scotland, it could bring Scotland dependence problem for the UK This sources showed the background and opinion for the Brexit effect for the Scotland independence problem. The Scotland independence problem is a long term problem for the UK. The Brexit make the Scotland and the UK government have more policy difference. Does it make the Scotland want independence? For the disadvantage, there is no doubt the difference could add the independence problem. But for the long term, the primary cause still the UK develop problem. If the UK could make the country political steady and improve economic environment. The Scotland will continue stay at the UK. So the initiative still at the UK hand.

Economic drop background for the UK Source 2. Thomas and Van Reenen, John (2014) Brexit or Fixit? The trade and welfare effects of leaving the European Union. CEP Policy Analysis, CEPPA016. The London School of Economics and Political Science, Center for Economic Performance, London, UK There for show The UK economic could be unsteady at future due to leaving the EU policy support. And The UK and the EU still need each other, which create the communication opportunity for them. This resource show the background about economic after Brexit. Considering the UK with UN has police conflict which is important details for the Brexit. And for the short-term show the effect for the UK, the cost is very expensive. But the Brexit could realize the UK have more independence to solve their country problems. From the policy and economic, it could get a different conclusion, which needs we have more compare for the economic and policy could bring effect on the future then get the conclusion for the Brexit. I think the number and year very clearly show the change in the future, which make the article more persuasion. The disadvantage for the background is very clear because the losses would be almost 2.2% of GDP. The UK and the EU relationship will be more complex because the Brexit need a long process. We see the UK have complex connect with the EU because they have many same benefit for the policy, economic and culture. The Brexit is an complex things because we hard to find the answer, but we could see the EU have many negative effect which make them hard to lose the power. So the change is necessary for the UK and the EU, the choice is depends on the short-term and long-term. There is no doubt for the economic have decrease when the UK leaving the EU, but for the long-term, they still could building a relationship help them country growth.

Source 3: Swati Dhingra "The impact of Brexit on foreign investment in the UK" There for show The UK economic could be unsteady at future due to leaving the EU policy support. And the UK and the EU still need each other, which create the communication opportunity for them. From this source we could see the UK FDI will continue decrease in the future years. The most import effect is the UK will lose power to effect the UK policy. For many EU policy, the UK can not direct decrease the UK policy. The Brexit lead the UK far away the EU, they will never same as past, as a large EU member direct effect the EU laws and policy. There is negative because the EU as the nearest organization with the UK, lose them support will have large country relationship change. Not just change the UK, but also change the world other country policy. We usually think the regional integration and the world of globalization are the trendy of the world. The Brexit make us have more suspect the theory about globalization. For the organization, does the UK will get more negative? But in many time it decrease the organization effect, produce the country with country direct communication. So this negative effect we also could use positive opinion to see it. The opportunity usually give someone who have enough prepared, the Brexit is not just negative for the world.