WP4::ISQ contribution - A GUI for the internet tool was produced (with report explaining its Java development) This considered: Trip to Stuttgart to discuss the tool; Preliminary contacts with subcontractors; Subcontracting (1st phase); Subcontracting (2nd phase); Lisbon’s weather data; Energy Design Guide and documentation.

ISQ, R.Prof.Dr. Cavaco Silva, 33, Taguspark – Oeiras 2740-120 Porto Salvo; PORTUGAL BEST FAÇADE Using Cluster Analysis to evaluate the energy performance of Double-Skin Façade Buildings Rogério Duarte Mário de Matos

Energy Related Cluster Analysis of DSF Buildings INTRODUCTION Main objective of this work is: To assess the circumstances for which the DSF technology has energetic advantages Based on existent DSF buildings to discover the best energy practices of this technology For this purpose a benchmarking analysis tool was first considered, Because information was not enough for statistical treatment the benchmarking was discarded. Since the last meeting, the work developed by ISQ deals specifically with the analysis and interpretation of energy performance data using ENERGY RELATED CLUSTERING ANALYSIS BUT LET US START WITH THE UPDATED DATA

Energy Benchmarking of DSF Buildings COMPARISON WITH EUROPEAN BENCHMARKS pt gr (mountains) gr au de

Energy Related Clustering Analysis of DSF Buildings ENERGY CLUSTERS OF CLIMATIZATION CONSUMPTION CORRECT REGIONAL ID LOST? AE AB AD V G C E A W T R B Q

Energy Benchmarking of DSF Buildings COMPARISON WITH EUROPEAN BENCHMARKS BBRI

Energy Benchmarking of DSF Buildings COMPARISON WITH EUROPEAN BENCHMARKS

Energy Benchmarking of DSF Buildings INTRODUCTION OF SSF SAMPLE WITH THE DSF SAMPLE With DSF SAMPLE Pt

Energy Benchmarking of DSF Buildings INTRODUCTION OF SSF SAMPLE WITH THE DSF SAMPLE 480

WP3::Benchmark Will it be made? The simple tool?

WP3::Report Mário de Matos is currently analysing the clusters characteristics The WP3 report will consider: PART I Consumption data; Comfort data; Analysis of the data and reasons for not using benchmark analysis; Cluster analysis; Conclusions: Best-practices. PART II -Certification

BEST FAÇADE THE CERTIFICATION METHOD Rogério Duarte Mário de Matos ISQ, R.Prof.Dr. Cavaco Silva, 33, Taguspark – Oeiras 2740-120 Porto Salvo; PORTUGAL BEST FAÇADE Energy Benchmarking of Double-Skin Façade Buildings: THE CERTIFICATION METHOD Rogério Duarte Mário de Matos

DSF Certification Method based on Energy Benchmarks MAIN DIFFICULTIES OF A RATING SCHEME Lots of DSF configurations are possible from a given typology. Any certification method based on a standard solution, is not appropriate as long as we do not know which one is the standard DSF system. As we noticed in the benchmarking analysis, there is a very significant effect of local climate conditions in the energy performance of the DSF depending on its configuration. Local shading and other external factors (e.g., possibility of opening the windows without annoying noise) have a major effect in cooling dominated climates. These factors are related to local conditions but not with the DSF itself.

DSF Certification Method based on Energy Benchmarks GUIDELINES TO DEVELOP THE METHOD Because we still have very few data; A scheme was setup, which allows for future collection of data, as well as the continuous improvement of the benchmarking tool and its usefulness. Because we believe that more data will be available in a closer future; The method will be prepared to start on a lower information level, but is prepared for more advanced calculations as soon as the amount of data rises to a desirable level. Because we could not get sufficient data to organize samples for the three main climatic regions proposed in WP1; At least in the beginning, we propose that the system should rate double-skin façades, both for heating and cooling (even so, for simplicity, the example shown herein is based on our 11 buildings sample, so it is related with global climatization energy demand).

DSF Certification Method based on Energy Benchmarks OBJECTIVES To develop a certification scheme, which may be used until we have a reasonable sample of DSF buildings, with complete detailed data and also all UE countries have transposed EPBD. The methodology developed here within WP3 of the BestFaçade project, may be transferable to other types of facades, or other building products that we can associate in a benchmark group. Results of the certification process will be well documented. But, there are still many details to discuss before a certification method for double-skin façades will be established in a perfect acceptance level.

DSF should not be certified! DSF Certification Method based on Energy Benchmarks FLOWCHART: 1 and 2 of 8 DSF Designer or the building owner requires for certification and rating to ‘BestFacade council’ 1. ‘BestFacade council’ ask for general characteristics of the building and if the building is EPBD certified or not. 2. EPBD Not Certified EPBD Certified DSF should not be certified! Not EPBD Certified 3’’ 3. 3’

Method used is not acceptable DSF Certification Method based on Energy Benchmarks FLOWCHART: 3 and 4 of 8 DSF Designer or the building owner supplies the results of the corresponding EPBD certification, which have some differences in each country 3. ‘BestFacade council’ verifies values of the building EEI for cooling and for heating 4. DSF should not be certified! Method used is not acceptable Designer or the building owner supplies simulation results of his DSF building or provide the ‘BestFacade council’ with the outcome of a previous energy survey 3’ 4’’ 4’ BestFacade council’ analyzes how the simulation or the energy survey was done and (if an accepted method was used) then a EEI value is established as the DSF building value 5.

DSF Certification Method based on Energy Benchmarks FLOWCHART: 5 of 8 Results are compared with benchmark sample and rated in groups. 5. DSF should not be certified! Percentile is bigger than 50 6’ 6. Percentile is equal or lower than 50 And how this is done?

DSF Certification Method based on Energy Benchmarks RATING DSF AND IMPROVING THE TOOL 11 sample without 3 best energy performers Sample after adding DSF buildings R,T and W NOT CERTIFIED NOT CERTIFIED Group A =Percentile 10; Group B=Percentile 30; Group C=Percentile 50 Percentile bigger than 50 => DSF Not Certified RATING: Average EEI = 147 kWh/m2.a Median (percentile 50) = 134 kWh/m2.a Percentile 95 = 224 kWh/m2.a Percentile 30= 112 kWh/m2.a Percentile 10 = 91 kWh/m2.a Average EEI = 123 kWh/m2.a Median (percentile 50) = 112 kWh/m2.a Percentile 95 = 221 kWh/m2.a Percentile 30= 88 kWh/m2.a Percentile 10 = 58 kWh/m2.a Statistical parameters Statistical parameters

DSF Certification Method based on Energy Benchmarks FLOWCHART: 6 to 8 of 8 ‘BestFacade council’ approves product DSF and lists it in a directory with the corresponding rate marked. 6. ‘BestFacade council’ update benchmark study by entering the DSF building in the sample. This will oblige the classes to be more and more demanding. 7. 8. Designer/Building owner may use ‘BestFacade’ label on his double-skin facade and may use that label also in appropriate publications, meetings, corresponding information or public places, etc.

WP3::Certification Instead of using benchmarking results to identify the 50th percentile A Reference Building Method is proposed. This method could either be inspired from Sweden’s or Germany’s method. Method like Hans Proposed – ISO 18292 (?) rating system -, however, the definition of the Typical Façade is left to be defined at a national level.

WP3::Comparison contract Tasks: Delivery of SSF data (Sweden; Germany; Greece; Belgium) EPBD transposed to national legislation (Sweden) CO2 conversin factors (Sweden) Reference building method (Sweden; Germany) Deliverables: Benchmarks (replaced by clusters) Certification method

WP5::Contents Preliminary tests Climate Results Next steps

WP5::Preliminary Tests The Cube: Aalborg University Denmark Empirical Test Case Specification DSF100_e & DSF200_e

WP5::Preliminary Tests (cont.) DOE2.1e (only DSF100_e) E+ AND COMPARISON TO IDA (Harris P. PhD Thesis)

WP5::Preliminary Tests (cont.) Total Radiation to Zone 1 (DSF) Total Radiation to Zone 2 (Climatic chamber)

WP5::Preliminary Tests (cont.) Energy to Zone 2 (Climatic chamber) Glazing Surface Temperature (DSF)

WP5::Preliminary Tests (cont.) Air Flow Rate Zone 1 (DSF) Air Temperature Zone 1 (DSF)

WP5::Preliminary Tests (cont.) Harris Poirazis Reference Building (100% glazed) Licenciate Thesis, 2005 Values of annual energy needs for heating cooling and totals (Goteborg) were obtained and compared to Harris’ results. Due to the complexity of the model only approximate results (same magnitude) were obtained.

WP5::Climate Lisbon (INETI) :: Paris (Orly) :: Stockholm (Arlanda) climates were used. Files from the E+ site (formatted according to ASHRAE standards) were considered

WP5::Climate (cont.)

WP5::Climate (cont.)

WP5::Climate (cont.)

WP5::Climate (cont.)

WP5::Climate (cont.)

WP5::Results (Blind Position & Bdg Orientation) REF Many of comments possible: i) Significant changes from country to country ii) In Sweden… iii) In Portugal… iv) In France… SWE REF POR FRA

WP5::Results (Airflow Windows) Many of comments possible: i) Significant changes from country to country ii) In Sweden… iii) In Portugal… iv) In France… SWE POR FRA

WP5::Results (Multistorey) Currently modelling a Multistorey DSF

WP5::Next Steps & Deadline Definition of some modelling details with Ake Definition of main aim of modelling with E+ -E+ should complement Parasol Prepare report -Case studies (§4.7) -Predicted performance – examples (§4.8) DEADLINE 30 June

WP6::Dissemination CD-ROM Best-Practices i) MCE gathers contents, does formating a produces the labels (digital form); ii) ISQ subcontracts the production of the CD-Rom (500?) iii) In Lisbon’s meeting ISQ delivers the CD-Roms Webzine Ask help to BBRI and find a way to contact the “Concerted Action of the Commission” webzine. Ask all partners for mailing lists. MCE gathers the contents of the deliveries of the project and delivers them to ISQ.

WP6::Dissemination (LISBON’S Meeting) On the 12th November 2007 A WORKSHOP (on DSFs) will be organized at ISQ on the 13th For this workshop invitations will be sent to Portuguese architects, HVAC designers, researchers. The programme of the workshop will consider presentations from the BESTFAÇADE partners and others.