The MOLE!!!.

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Presentation transcript:

The MOLE!!!

The mole is one of the big concepts of Chemistry. The mole is a counting number, just like 1 dozen = 12 things 1 score = 20 things 1 ream = 500 things 1 mole = 6.022 x 1023 things or 1 mole = 602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000 things We use moles in Chemistry b/c actually counting things would take too long.

1st Definition of a mole 6.022 x 1023 = Avogadro’s number. Avogadro’s number just talks about numbers of particles like atoms (elements), molecules (covalent compounds) and formula units (ionic compounds).

1 mole C = 6. 022 x 1023 atoms of C 1 mole H2O = 6 1 mole C = 6.022 x 1023 atoms of C 1 mole H2O = 6.022 x 1023 molecules of H2O 1 mole AlCl3 = 6.022 x 1023 formula units of AlCl3

2nd definition – Molar mass However, elements have different masses, So 1 mole of everything is also going to have different masses. Ex. 5 grapes vs. 5 grapefruits Same # of fruit, but very different masses

Molar Mass – 2nd definition of a mole The decimal numbers on the Periodic Table tell you the average atomic mass of an element in amu. By definition that is also the mass of that element in grams of one mole of that element. Ex. 1 atom Ca = 40.078 amu Ca 1 mole Ca = 40.078 grams Ca 1 mol Na = 22.990 g Na

Molar Mass – 2nd definition of a mole 1 mol Cl2 = 70.906 g Cl2 1 mol Al(ClO2)3 1 Al + 3 Cl + 6 O = 229.335 g Al(ClO2)3 1 mol P2O3 = 109.945 g P2O3 these are known as molar masses (the mass of one mole) Molar is the adjective form of mole

Molar Volume 3rd definition of a mole 1 mole of a gas = 22.4 Liters of a gas (for gases only at STP, standard temperature and pressure) 1 mol O2 = 22.4 L O2 1 mol CO2 = 22.4 L CO2

Molar Conversions 1 mole = molar mass (g) (grams from the Periodic Table) 1 mole = volume (L) (22.4 L of a gas at STP) 1 mole = # of things (atoms) (6.022 x 1023 atoms)

Ex. 1) 327.2 g of Carbon = ? moles of Carbon

Ex. 2) How many grams are in 3.295 x 1020 atoms of Copper?

Ex. 3) If you capture 17 grams of Chlorine gas how many liters do you have?

Ex. 4) Determine the amount of grams in 0 Ex. 4) Determine the amount of grams in 0.250 moles of sodium phosphate.

Michael Offutt - A Mole is a Unit - Music Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qg0Lajwew3A

Mole day videos Happy Mole Day to you! AVOGADRO'S BACK http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ReMe348Im2w&list=FLnKhdeJuC7b73gwWnbWEr8g&index=17&feature=plpp_video AVOGADRO'S BACK http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZLO47JPHaF0&feature=BFa&list=FLnKhdeJuC7b73gwWnbWEr8g Tom Lehrer CHEMISTRY element song http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYW50F42ss8&feature=BFa&list=FLnKhdeJuC7b73gwWnbWEr8g Daniel Radcliffe sings "The Elements“ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSAaiYKF0cs&feature=BFa&list=FLnKhdeJuC7b73gwWnbWEr8g AP Chem Rap http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGgzB7xiF5U&feature=BFa&list=FLnKhdeJuC7b73gwWnbWEr8g