Electrification of the Future US Navy Warships Rasoul Hosseini, Robert Cuzner Office of Naval Research Award Number N00014-16-1-3184

Motivation United States of America is a valuable asset Surrounded by water It makes sense to invest in Navy! Continuous development is needed Statue of Liberty

New Destroyer is Needed “In FY2030, the DON plans to start building an affordable follow-on, multi-mission, mid-sized future surface combatant to replace the Flight IIA DDG 51s that will begin reaching their ESLs [Estimated Service Life] in FY2040.” Report to Congress on the Annual Long-Range Plan for Construction of Naval Vessels for FY2015 Desired New Features: 1- New weapons 2- Easier maintenance Flight IIA DDG 51s Destroyer

New Weapons and Systems Navy has invested in New weapons: Electromagnetic Railgun BAE systems, General Atomics Solid State Laser weapon NAVSEA, Northrop Grumman These weapons require pulsed DC power (10s on MW) Other New Equipment High power sensors High power Radars Lockheed Martin Electromagnetic Railgun High Power Solid State Laser

Power Management Generation and Consumption of power are not following the same pattern!!

Medium Voltage DC Architecture Generation Distribution Conversion Storage Pulse Forming Connections Loads: Propulsion, Hotel Loads, Weapons, sensors, radars Computer, communication and navigation N. Doerry and J. Amy., “Design consideration for a Reference MVDC power system," presented at SNAME Maritime Convention 2016, Bellevue, WA, Nov 1-5, 2016

Design Considerations Modular → easy maintenance Scalable → For future development Efficient → lower fuel less cost Power dense → Space Is limited Electromagnetic Compatible → Integration Safe → Its High Voltage DC! UWM, UA, MSU, Eaton, FSU, Virginia Tech Least Replicable Unit (LRU) Power Electronic Building Block (PEBB) → Universal Converter What is the voltage? What is the power? What are the switches? COST?!!…. PEBB 1000, PEBB 6000, SiC MOSFET vs IGBT?? Open Questions! UWM, GE, DRS, Virginia Tech, USC LRU Schematics T. Ericsen, Y. Khersonsky, P. Schugart and P. Steimer, "PEBB - power electronics building blocks, from concept to reality," The 3rd IET International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, 2006 PEBB

Modular Development Full Bridge Half Bridge Modular Multi-level Three Phase Inverter Neutral point Clamped S. Debnath, J. Qin, B. Bahrani, M. Saeedifard and P. Barbosa, "Operation, Control, and Applications of the Modular Multilevel Converter: A Review," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 37-53, Jan. 2015.

Results Half Bridge (HB) Full Bridge (HB)

Results Half Bridge (HB) Full Bridge (HB)

Characterization of a Half Bridge Sub-Module R. Cuzner, R. Hosseini, A. Lemmon, J. Gafford and M. Mazzola, "Control and characterization of electromagnetic emissions in wide band gap based converter modules for ungrounded grid-forming applications," 2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), Long Beach, CA, 2016, pp. 1577-1584.

Future Works Perform meta-modeling approach for all converters, each zone and eventually the system Use Multi-Objective Optimization techniques to find the optimum design Develop Simulation Modules which are compatible with various simulation environments Perform HIL simulation for the whole system model Continue on developing the hardware for experimental tests

Thank you Rasoul Hosseini Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Email: Hossei27@uwm.edu