Standards and Standardization

STANDARD and STANDARIZATION Introduction History of standardization systems The industrial revolution Scientific studies

Definition of Standards Standards are documented agreements containing technical specifications Other precise criteria to be used consistently as rules, guidelines, or definition of characteristics

Need of Standardization Non-harmonized standards for similar technologies International standardization is well-established for many technologies

Main Reasons for Standardization Worldwide progress in trade liberalization Interpenetration of sectors Worldwide communications systems Global standards for emerging technologies Developing countries

History Quality standards Quality used to be about making sure the product was right and with an emphasis on the manufacturer being required to produce something that could be inspected against a specific dimension or criteria

History Quality standards There were 18 major items which are most common , or root cause of all the problems experienced for example: Wrong materials obtained Items made to wrong dimensions

History Quality standards 1979: Was an important year for quality standards within the United Kingdom 1981: The department of Trade and Industry (DTI) formed a committee called ‘FOCUS’ 1987: ISO 9000 set of standards were very heavily based on BS 5750:1979 parts 1,2

History Quality standards 1994: ISO realizing the problems of calling the same document by a variety of different names was confusing, reproduced (in March 1994) the ISO 9000:1994 2000: The members of ISO set about seeking the views of their members too see how the current standard could be improved. the result was the development of ISO 9001:2000