Pedigree Analysis.

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Presentation transcript:

Pedigree Analysis

Generations appear in rows, indicated by a successive Roman numeral Individuals in each family are listed across the rows, in birth order Males are squares, females are circles Affected individuals are shaded, unaffected individuals are not shaded (in sex-linked traits, carriers can be half-shaded) Pedigree Structure

Types of Genetic Disorders Pedigrees are usually used to track genetic disorders Two types of genetic disorders: Autosomal On one of 22 pairs of non-sex chromosomes Sex-Linked On the 1 pair of sex chromosomes (XX or XY) Types of Genetic Disorders

Examples of Autosomal Disorders Autosomal & dominant Marfan syndrome Huntington disease Autosomal & recessive PKU (Phenylketonuria) Sickle-cell disease Tay-Sachs disease Examples of Autosomal Disorders

Examples of Sex-Linked Disorders Sex-linked & dominant Rett syndrome (lethal in males) Sex-linked & recessive Duchenne muscular dystrophy Fragile X syndrome hemophilia Examples of Sex-Linked Disorders

Pedigrees can be analyzed to determine if a trait is: Autosomal & dominant Autosomal & recessive Sex-linked & recessive (Sex-linked & dominant – very rare) Inheritance Patterns

Hints Recessive traits can skip generations Sex-linked traits affect males more frequently than females Hints

Can you determine the genotype of the individual shown?