NATIONALISM Nationalism was the most powerful idea of the 1800’s Nationalists were not loyal to their king, rather to their people… those who shared common bonds. Nationalism can be used to unify or separate!!!!

Unification of Germany 39 German States formed the German Confederation, dominated by Austrian Empire

GERMAN UNIFICATION In 1815, 39 German states made up the German Confederation. Germany as we know it did not exist. The two largest states were AUSTRIA and PRUSSIA did not want unification wanted unification Therefore, It was Prussia who was responsible for the unification. More specifically it was…..

OTTO VON BISMARCK GOAL: to make Prussia a head of a unified Germany master of realpolitik (realistic politics) power is more important than principles GOAL: to make Prussia a head of a unified Germany (he was not really a German nationalist…his loyalty was more to Prussia) To accomplish this goal, he went to war 3 different times. http://teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=120040&title=Unification_of_Germany

Prussia leads German Unification Mainly German population, unified by nationalism Most powerful military in central Europe King Wilhelm I Otto von Bismarck=prime minister Realpolitik: politics of reality with no room for idealism Ruled without consent of parliament & without a legal budget Wilhelm I Bismarck

What is the main idea of Bismarck’s speech? 2. Based on his speech, what kind of leader do you think Bismarck will be?

RESULTS BISMARCK’S THREE WARS 1. WAR with DENMARK Ally was Austria Bismarck led Prussia into war against Denmark to win the 2 border provinces… Schleswig and Holstein It was a quick victory..Denmark ceded the two provinces …Austria:Holstein Prussia:Schleswig RESULTS The war showed what a strong military force Prussia was…along with creating Prussian nationalism

RESULTS 1866 AUSTRO –PRUSSIAN WAR (aka…7 weeks war) Ally was Italy Bismarck deliberately quarreled with Austria…then attacked them GENERAL VON MOLTKE: famous German military leader who helped Bismarck win 1866 RESULTS Austria ceded Holstein to Prussia Austria ceded Venita to Italy German confederation dissolved and a new one was created controlled by Prussia. (Austria was not a part of it) Bismarck had no intention of weakening Austria, a potential ally, more than necessary….why??????? Read more: Austro-Prussian War — Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/austro-prussian-war.html#ixzz2D5Es9YsO

FRANCO- PRUSSIAN WAR Bismarck desired war with France (common enemy…they all remember the Napoleon invasions) to try and create nationalism in the southern German states…with the hope they would join Prussia. RESULTS The Treaty of Frankfurt, signed on May 10, 1871, ended the war between France and Germany 1.The treaty provided that the French province of Alsace and part of Lorraine were to be ceded to the German Empire. 2 France was to pay a war payment of 5 billion gold francs ($1 billion). France would be under German military control until payment was made. 1871 German states are united…Wilhelm I was named Kaiser (emperor)

Germany Strengthens Germany become an industrial giant Factors of production Government promotes economic growth Economic growth = military growth

by Germany towards France This harsh treatment by Germany towards France plants the seed for WORLD WAR 1 Second Reich…

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1TVp9SaJi-4 Great Summary