Accountability Court Programs: Targeting the Right Participants as Part of a Community Continuum of Responses Georgia School of Addiction Studies Conference Savannah GA August 30, 2017 Stephen S. Goss, JUDGE, Superior Courts of Georgia Albany , Georgia Email: judgestevegoss@bellsouth.net

Presentation includes PowerPoints slides from: David A. D’Amora: Adults with Behavioral Health Needs under Correctional Supervision: A Shared Framework for Reducing Recidivism and Promoting Recovery Council of State Governments Justice Center

Key Components ( Drug Courts) Essential Elements ( MHC) http://csgjusticecenter.org/courts/publi cations/improving-responses-to-people- with-mental-illnesses-the-essential- elements-of-a-mental-health-court/ http://www.ndci.org/publications/ more-publications/ten-key- components

Key Component # 4: Drug Courts provide access to a continuum of alcohol, drug and other related treatment and rehabilitation services Co-Occurring Disorders Population High Over-Representation in Criminal Justice System

TRANSINSTITUTIONALIZATION

Challenges with COD Population Diverse and complex problems-not all legal, not all medical-many psychosocial issues No one clinical approach “fits all” Behavioral Health, Trauma and Substance Disorders Personality disorders, learning disabilities and health issues impact treatment plans

New Business ?

Or Old Business. “They have been here Mr Or Old Business? “They have been here Mr. Mulder” ( we deal with the same folks anyway)

Sequential Intercepts Model Developed by Dr. Munetz and Dr. Griffin GAINS Center for Co-Occurring Disorders in the Criminal Justice System Policy Research Associates Inc. www.gainscenter.samhsa.gov

http://gainscenter. samhsa http://gainscenter.samhsa.gov/pdfs/integrating/GAINS_Sequential_Intercept.pdf

Key Component #6- Develop a coordinated strategy Community mapping- where are our challenges vs. resources? Left hand does not know there is a right hand- legal system and behavioral health/treatment professionals Allies? Many times the accountability court becomes a pivot point in the community discussion.

Who needs to be in the room? (Who has “skin in the game”?) State Hospital/Forensics Director for your area Local MH/Addictive Disease clinic director Local ER/medical community Local shelters that work with homeless population Sheriff/Jail Director Local Advocacy/NAMI The judge

Intercept 1- Field/Police

Crisis Intervention Teams-CIT Evidence Based Practice In 2015, 2719 programs nationally in 45 states Developed by Memphis Police Department www.Cit.Memphis.edu

CIT Reduce use of force situations through de-escalation Reduce workers comp claims Raise awareness in law enforcement- it is what they deal with daily Change the culture in the local jail

Intercept 2- Diversion

Jail Diversion http://gainscenter.samhsa.gov/topical_resou rces/jail.asp Pre-booking vs. Post-booking Got to have a location Meetings with court personnel, jail staff, community mental health director and local hospital administrator- EC issues/Crisis Unit

Intercept 3- Courts

Specialty Dockets/Accountability and Treatment Courts Council of Accountability Court Judges of Georgia www.gaaccountabilitycourts.org Drug Courts: National Association of Drug Court Professionals(NADCP) www.nadcp.org Mental Health Courts: Council of State Governments (CSG) Justice Center www.csgjusticecenter.org

http://csgjusticecenter.org/mental-health/learning-sites

Intercept 4- Re-Entry

Re-Entry Programs A natural fit with a specialty docket Some of best outcomes because high utilizers of services 90-95% inmates return home at some point 4.9 million on probation/parole Not waiting for the next bad outcome

CSG National Reentry Resource Center http://csgjusticecenter.org/nrrc

Intercept 5- Community Corrections

Probation/Parole Ready source of referrals Many of their revocations have roots in unresolved MH/SA issues A natural tie to intercepts 1, 3 & 4 Part of a multi-discipline approach

Key Component # 3: Eligible participants are identified early Screenings Assessments- possibly ongoing once fog clears Criminogenic Risks/Needs-Target the correct “high risks/needs” population

CRIMINOGENIC RISKS/NEEDS/RESPONSIVITY FRAMEWORK- BJA/CSG Publication

Risk-Need-Responsivity Model as a Guide to Best Practices RISK PRINCIPLE: Match the intensity of individual’s intervention to their risk of reoffending NEEDS PRINCIPLE: Target criminogenic needs, such as antisocial behavior, substance abuse, antisocial attitudes, and criminogenic peers RESPONSIVITY PRINCIPLE: Tailor the intervention to the learning style, motivation, culture, demographics, and abilities of the offender. Address the issues that affect responsivity (e.g., mental illnesses) Focus on Risk – We know that the largest impact on recidivism takes place when one focus on those individuals with highest risk AND that one can actually increase recidivism if LOW risk individuals are the focus of treatment and supervision Target Criminogenic Needs – a strength of our corrections workforce. And the more criminogenic needs targeted, the larger the effect Note that treatment works for criminogenic needs, and can do in stages AND Responsivity – the connection between justice involved persons with MI and effective practice. While mental illness itself is not a criminogenic risk, it can have a major impact on responsivity; If I’m depressed, feeling hopeless, not sleeping, no energy, no ability to concentrate…..then I’m not likely to benefit from cognitive programs targeting needs. SO, HOW CAN WEUSE RNR PRINCIPLES TO EFFECTIVELY RESPOND TO THE OVERREPRESENTATION?? Council of State Governments Justice Center

Stephen S. Goss E-mail: judgestevegoss@bellsouth.net QUESTIONS? Stephen S. Goss E-mail: judgestevegoss@bellsouth.net