Advanced Plant Sciences Mr. Dieckhoff Unit: Plant Biology Advanced Plant Sciences Mr. Dieckhoff

Chapter 1 Plant Cells

1. ID the parts of a plant cell… Chloroplast – holds chlorophyll Plasma Membrane – Controls entrance & exits Cell Wall – 3 layers Vacuole – Store water Mitochondrion – Respiration Nucleus - Genetics

Plant Cell Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9UvlqAVCoqY

Cell Wall Structure

Too little water in vacuole…..

Tobacco flower losing pigment because lack of mitochondria proteins

How Roundup Works on Plant Cells… https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qZeMJ-OovGs

Chapter 2 Plant Tissue

5. What are 2 types tissue…. Meristem Permanent

6. What are differences…… Meristem actively divides to form new growth where permanent does not actively divide

7. What are 3 types meristems.. Apical – plant length Cambium – plant diameter Intercalary Zone – stem height

**Cambium Meristem

Intercalary Zone Meristem

8. What two types permanent… Epidermis – outside covering 2) Vascular System – transportation system of plant Xylem - Up Phloem - Down

**Five basic parts of a plant: A. Seeds B. Roots C. Stems D. Leaves E. Flowers

Chapter 3 Seeds & Germination

Monocots vs. Dicots https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gI2RxzAT-ww

Cotyledon First leaves packed full of nutrients

Parts of a Monocot Seed

Parts of a Dicot Seed

Which is found only in monocots Endosperm

4 parts of the embryo Cotyledon Epicotyl – “stem” Hypocotyl – “growing point” Radicle – “root”

Legumes Dicot plants with pods that fix their own nitrogen

Steps of Germination Seed absorbs water Seed coat breaks open Radicle Emerges & forms roots Epicotyl breaks through soil Cotyledon(s) open Leaves form & photosynthesis starts

Chapter 4 Roots

Don’t cut alfalfa in October

Wait Until November

Or Next Year will Look Like….

15. What are 5 types roots…. Taproot Fibrous Aerial Adventitious Aquatic

Adventitious Roots

Tap Root

Aerial Roots

Aquatic Roots

Nitrogen Fixation in Soybeans https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ui6JlVGmAuA&t=1s&disable_polymer=true

Chapter 5 Stems

Stems are divided into….

Purpose of Stems Support Transport nutrients & food Store some nutrients

Stolon

Rhizomes

Corm

Bulb

Tubers

Xeromorphic Plants Thick-walled epidermis covered with waxy cuticle (holds water in stems)

Chapter 6 Leaves

Interior Parts of Leaf

View Guard Cells & Stomata of Wandering Jew

20. What do not have stomata? Submerged plants (aquatic)

Sac leaves

Leaf Arrangements Simple Leaf – one blade attached to the stem Compound Leaf – multiple leaves attached to stem through petiole Palmate – Leaves come together like a palm Pinnately – leaves separated by divisions

Chapter 7 Flowers

Parts of a Perfect Flower

Monoecious (different places) vs. Dioecious (same place)

How Corn Reproduces…. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHq8QQ-tSKs

Self Pollinating

Cross Pollinating

Determinate vs. Indeterminate