BELLWORK 11/18 What was the “Main Idea” of Reformation? What were the 95 Theses? What were two of his main complaints? How did Luther view the Pope and other members of the clergy? What is an indulgence? THINKER: Do you think it is possible to completely abolish corruption in the church? Why or why not?

What was Luther’s “problem?” Topics of 95 Theses: Baptism Powers of clergy Rejected indulgences Removing sin Punishment for heresy Use of confession

Luther’s Criticisms Indulgences: paying for forgiveness. The Bible was only in Latin: this allowed the pope to translate it however he wanted. Luther’s supporters became known as Protestants because they protested against the church.

Martin Luther & Protestant Reformation Reading Assignment Since Martin Luther was the most famous reformist we are going to read about his changes and conflicts within the Catholic church. We will start reading the article together. As we read, you must fill out this graphic organizer. Sale of Indulgences

Introduction of Calvinism The Reformation spreads……..

John Calvin John Calvin was a reformer who studied Protestantism. In the mid 1500’s, Calvin set up his own theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland. Theocracy: a church-run state

John Calvin’s Beliefs God possesses all-encompassing power and knowledge… not the clergy God alone directs everything that has happened in the past, present, and future. Predestination: God determines the fate of every person

Calvinism Calvinism: following the teachings of Calvin Established a Consistory: a church council that was given the power to control almost every aspect of people’s lives. The Consistory inspected homes to make sure no one was disobeying Calvinism. Forbade fighting, swearing, drinking, gambling, playing cards, and dancing.

Spread of Calvinism The democratic structure (voting) of Calvinism made it easy to spread throughout Europe. His teachings encouraged people to overthrow “ungodly” rulers

Catholic Reformation Many countries in Europe remained Catholic during the Protestant Reformation. Catholic power was threatened by Protestant’s increasing popularity. To counter this, the Catholic Church decided to enact its own reforms. The Catholic Reformation eliminated many abuses, clarified its theology, and reestablished pope authority within the Church. (counter-Reformation)

BELLWORK: November 21st To review over the similarities/differences of Protestantism vs. Calvinism and Northern vs. Italian Renaissance – complete the following chart for bellwork Calvinism Protestantism Similarities Differences Italian Renaissance Northern Renaissance Similarities Differences

REVIEW: Reformation Explain two similarities between Martin Luther and John Calvin. Explain two differences between Martin Luther and John Calvin. Make a prediction  How will the Catholic church respond to the growing popularity of Protestantism and Calvinism?

Catholic Reformation: pgs. 198-201 Reaffirming Catholicism Spreading Catholicism Council of Trent Purpose Successes/changes The Inquisition Changes & censorship The Arts New forms & themes Famous artists Ignatius of Loyola Jesuits Impact on spread of religion Teresa of Avila Changes to the church A Divided Europe How it was divided? Why? Effects of these divisions