Journey to the Center of Earth

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Presentation transcript:

Journey to the Center of Earth

Layers of the Earth Crust Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mantle Outer Core Inner Core

For Your Foldable Thickness Composition (What’s it made of?) & Special Characteristics** Temperature Range

Crust 5 – 100 km thick Composition: Silicon, Oxygen & Aluminum Characteristics: Continental crust: solid and rocky outer layer Oceanic crust: thin and denser minerals Temperature: Depends on your Location on Earth

The Mantle 2,900 km thick Composition: Silicon, Oxygen, and Magnesium Temperature: 870°C to 2,200°C

Convection Currents Middle Mantle (Asthenosphere) is composed of hot, dense rock that thickly flows. This movement is the reason Earth’s crustal plates move in the Lithosphere. Convection Currents are caused by hot material, deep in the mantle, rising then cooling and sinking again

The Outer Core 2,250 km thick Composition/Characteristics: molten iron and nickel  liquid Temperature: 2,200°C to 5,000°C

The Inner Core 1,200 km thick Composition: made of solid Iron and Nickel It is solid because of the pressure from the layers above Characteristics: The solid Inner Core spins in the molten (liquid) Outer Core – creating the Earth’s Magnetic Field Temperature: 5,000°C or higher

THE CRUSTAL SURFACE. CONTINENTAL CRUST – i is between 20 and 60 km thick. It is composed of granitic rocks, which are less dense than basaltic rocks of the oceanic crust. So, most of continental crust is above sea level. OCEANIC CRUST - is only about 10 km thick. It is composed of basaltic rocks, which are more dense than granitic rocks of the continental crust. So, oceanic crust is below sea level.

Earth’s interior layers. The major layers of the Earth consist of the crust, lithosphere, asthenosphere, mantle, outer core and inner core.

Composition of the Earth.

THE THEORY OF PLATE TECTONICS The framework explains how and why the surface of the earth constantly changes is called theory of plate tectonic. The theory states that the earth’s outer shell, the lithosphere is divided into eight large plates. Because each plate moves as a single unit, the interiors of the plates are generally stable. All major activity such as earthquake or volcano occur along the plate boundaries.