BTEC National Diploma in Sport

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Presentation transcript:

BTEC National Diploma in Sport Unit 11 – Sports Nutrition

Learning Objectives Describe energy balance and its importance for sports performance Explain… by providing examples to support your work Analyse the effects of energy balance on sports performance... By providing contrasting examples to show the positive / negative impact

What is energy balance?

Energy balance Energy balance – the relationship between what energy you put into your body, and what energy you use Energy balance – the relationship between energy intake and energy expenditure

Positive energy balance? Negative energy balance?

You will stay the same weight Energy balance You are in energy balance when energy intake and energy expenditure are the same You will stay the same weight

Positive Energy balance You are in positive energy balance when energy intake is more than energy expenditure You will gain weight if this continues Q. Why does this happen? Q. Will it effect sport performance?

Negative Energy balance You are in negative energy balance when energy intake is less than energy expenditure You will lose weight if this continues Q. Why does this happen? Q. Will it effect sport performance?

Energy Balance An understanding of energy balance is vital to successful sports performance! Even small imbalances in energy intake and expenditure can effect energy balance… and hence body composition… and hence sports performance!

Muscle vs. mass vs. bone mass. Body Composition Muscle vs. mass vs. bone mass.

Example Percentage Body Fat Values Adapted from (McArdle, Kath and Katch, 2006) Sport Male Female Ballet 8-14 13-20 Body Building 5-8 10-15 Rowing 6-14 12-18 Tennis 12-16 16-24 Discus 14-18 22-27 Triathlon 5-12 Volleyball 11-14 16-25

Ectomorph Narrow shoulders and hips Thin limbs Little fat and muscle Mesomorph Wide shoulders Narrow hips High muscle tissue Low fat tissue Endomorph Wide shoulders and hips High levels of fat tissue

Energy Balance & Sports Performance TASK – Choose an athlete What would be the consequences of a positive and negative energy balance on this performer and their sports performance?

How can we measure energy balance?

Measuring Energy Balance Body mass - what the body weighs 2. Body composition – what the body is made up Q. What methods can be used? 3. By measuring energy intake (food diaries) and energy expenditure (calorimetry, activity diary, BMR)

Task Based on your activity levels, estimate the number of grams of carbohydrate, protein and fat that you require per day

Task Using your 24 h food diary and the help sheets available, estimate how many grams of carbohydrate, protein and fat you consumed within the 24h period Compared this to the number of grams you consumed – are you in energy balance?!

Measuring Requirements - Task Research different methods of analysing body composition considering… Affordability Easy of application Suitability with different populations and sports performers Reliability and validity

Task 2 1. Define energy measures – calories etc 2. Describe energy intake Explain effects on sport Describe how to measure 3. Describe energy expenditure Explain sport and effects 4. Describe energy balance Explain/analyse effects 5. Hydration Signs & symptoms, fluid intake, sources, effects on performance