Texas Natives

Karankawas REGION OF TEXAS Lived between Corpus Christi bay and Galveston bay on the Texas coast. Lived in mud huts and were nomadic. FOOD Used Dugout Canoes to fish with traps and bows. Ate clams, mollusks, oysters, small animals, and fish

Customs Used alligator or shark fat to ward off insects. Made clothes out of animal skins and moss. Painted their bodies with tattoos. Would rarely practice cannibalism for magic powers Other Natives called the Karankawa “The dog lovers” as they raised dogs as pets Customs

Used Dugout Canoes

The Karankawa are important to Texas history because of their relationship with Cabeza de Vaca and the La Salle’s Fort Saint Louis. La Salle Cabeza de Vaca

Caddo REGION OF TEXAS Lived in the East Texas piney woods Lived in grass huts villages and had furniture. FOODS Were farmers who grew pumpkin, beans, and corn. Hunted deer, bear, and the occasional buffalo. Also captured fish with a trotline

Customs Ruled by a chief called the Caddi Built mounds for their religion and to bury their dead. Though several gods were honored, the Caddo trusted ultimately in one God.

The name of Texas gets its name from the Spanish translation of the Caddo word for Friends. The Spanish called the Caddo the Tejas Indians.

The Plains Indians Includes Apache, Comanche, Kiowa REGIONS OF TEXAS All lived on the Great Plains All were nomadic except for the Apache which would live in villages part of the year and grow crops. HOMES All of these tribes lived in tepees. Huts made from buffalo hide and wood poles.

The Plains Indians FOODS All hunted the buffalo. The buffalo provided food, shelter, clothing, weapons, and tools for the Plains Indians.

The Apaches REGIONS OF TEXAS They live in the Great Plains but were forced to move into Southwest Texas and New Mexico by the Comanche. (Their hated enemy) The Apache were divided into several bands, the Texas band was the Lipan Apaches.

The Apaches Geronimo FOODS They hunted Buffalo. Part of the year they lived in villages and farmed. They grew beans, corn, squash, and pumpkins. Famous leader Geronimo fought the U.S. and Mexico between 1850 and the 1880’s Geronimo

Comanche REGIONS OF TEXAS Great Plains After acquiring the horse from the Spanish they migrated to the southern plains where they fought a long war with the Apache to take over their territory. FOOD BUFFALO!!!!!!

Comanche Called the “Lords of the Plains” the Comanche were fierce warriors who fought anybody on their land which was known as Comacheria Comacheria Had multiple leaders, including a war leader and a peace leader. Amazing ability with the horse once they acquired it

The Comanche had a religious practice known as the Vision Quest. A young man would take a Vision Quest to find one self and the direction his life is supposed to take according to the vision. When an older child is ready, he or she will go on a spiritual quest alone in the wilderness usually without food or water. The young man stays outside for a number of days and eventually a guardian animal will come in a vision or dream, and the child's life direction will appear to them.

Kiowas REGION OF TEXAS Great Plains Migrated from Canada They lived in teepees and painted pictures of important events on them, developed a calendar, and made beautiful beaded crafts.

Kiowa They were one of the most feared tribes. They would often ally themselves with the Comanche. One of the few tribes that was friendly with them.

Jumanos REGION OF TEXAS Lived in the Mountains and Basins region of far west Texas. Lived in farming villages made of one room adobe homes Food Planted crops near rivers and streams where they grew pumpkins, beans , and corn Also hunted small animals, deer, and buffalo

Jumanos Wore Tattoos and face painting for their religion

Coahuiltecans REGION OF TEXAS Nomads who lived along the coast in far south Texas FOODS Hunted deer and small animals. Gathered food such as mesquite beans, nuts, berries, cacti, worms, lizards, insects, and roots. HOMES Their homes were made of mud, animal skins, and brush.

Coahuiltecans They lived a harsh life with little comforts because of the dry climate they lived in. Because of this they were one of the few tribes to accept the Spanish Mission system when it came to Texas. Lacked formal political organization instead life revolved around family. Had amazing running ability. Could run for hours while hunting animals.