THE PERFECT OR COMPLETE TENSES-

PRESENT PREFECT TENSE: *It is used to express an action which happened or completed in past but usually the action which happened or completed at a short time before now (near past) not a very long time before now. *Specific time such as two years ago, last week or that day is usually not used in the sentences in this tense.

• Subject + has/have + NOT + 3rd form of verb + Object                                 Structure of Sentence            • Subject + has/have + 3rd form of verb + Object • Subject + has/have + NOT + 3rd form of verb + Object • Has/have + Subject + 3rd form of verb + Object Examples        I have eaten meal.        She has learnt a lesson. I have not eaten meal.       She has not learnt a lesson. Have I eaten meal?      Has she learnt a lesson?

PAST PERFECT TENSE: *It is used to express an action which has occurred in past (usually, a long time ago) Example: I had lived in America. *Action which has occurred in past before another action in past.  The students had gone before the teacher came.-

• Subject + had + 3rd form of verb + object                      Structure of sentence.         • Subject + had + 3rd form of verb + object Subject + had + not + 3st form of verb + object • Had + subject + 3rd form of verb + object Examples.       He had taken the exam last year       A thief had stolen my watch. He had not taken the exam last year         A thief had not stolen my watch. Had he taken the exam last year?        Had a thief stolen my watch?

John will have gone tomorrow. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE: *It is used to express an action which will occur in future and is thought to be completed in future. *It expresses a sense of completion of an action which will occur in future. Example: John will have gone tomorrow.

• Subject + will not have + 3rd form of verb + object Structure of sentence    • Subject+ will have/Shall have+ 3rd form of verb+object • Subject + will not have + 3rd form of verb + object • Will + Subject +have + 3rd form of verb + object Examples         She will have finished the work by Wednesday.         I Shall have left for home by the time he gets up.          She will not have finished the work by Wednesday.        I shall not have left for home by the time he gets up Will she have finished the work by Wednesday? Shall I have left for home by the time he gets up?        

ACTIVITY

CONVERT THE GIVEN SENTENCES TO SENTENCES OF PERFECT TENSE I do not write a letter.  I sing a song. They do not read lessons. I did not kill a snake. They went to cinema.  Did he give me a gift. They have gone to school. Has it rained. I will buy a computer tomorrow. They will come here. Will they buy a new car.

SOLVED I have not written a letter. I have sung a song. They have not read lessons. I had not killed a snake. They have gone to cinema.  had he given me a gift. They have gone to school. Has it rained. I have bought a computer tomorrow. They have come here. Have they bought a new car.