Population- The shape of things to come. Just 1,000 years ago beings were an insignificant species on this planet: only a quarter of a billion people, barely into the Iron Age, spread thinly across the earth and subject to nature's whims. Today that species has increased more than fifteen-fold and its power has increased to immense proportions. The human race has made the world produce more, has covered it with cities, is felling its forests and consuming its oil. From being at Nature's mercy we now have the power to determine our own futures. But this new power brings with it tremendous and unprecedented responsibilities. It is now up to us to shape our own future. Think Geographically – Think Population List three positive ways the world has changed in the last 1,000 years List three problems associated with this change List three ways you think the world will change in the next 100 years

Where has the world’s population increased? Describing the locations where population is increasing Natural Increase Fertility Mortality

Natural Increase                                                                                                                                              Natural Increase Rate (NIR) - is the percentage of growth or decline in the population of a country per year (not including net migration). Countries in Africa and Southwest Asia have the highest current rates, Crude Birth Rate – Total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people. A crude birth rate of 20, means that 20 babies are born for every 1,000 people. Crude Death Rate – Total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people. NIR is computed by subtracting CBR from CDR, after first converting the two measures from numbers per 1,000 to percentages (per 100). If CBR is 20, and CDR is 5, then the NIR is 15 per 1,000, or 1.5 percent.

Natural Increase Vs. Annual Increase Doubling Time – The number of years needed to double a population. Percentages – Small is large Now – 1.25 x 6.4 billion = 80 million Drop – 1.0 x 6.4 billion = 64 million Increase – 2.0 x 6.4 billion = 128 million

Developed VS. Developing Why is population growth lower in developed countries? Why is it higher in less developed countries?

Crude Birth Rate The crude birth rate (CBR) is the total number of births in a country per 1,000 population per year. The highest rates are in Africa and several Asian countries, while Russia and some European countries have negative rates.

Mortality Rate Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) – The annual number of deaths of infants under one year of age, compared with total live births. As is the case with CBR and CDR, it is based per 1,000.

Life Expectancy – The average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions.

Homework Describe how the crude birth and death rates effect the natural population in your “Ping” country. Be sure to include geographical numbers and factors.