2/15 Questions you can answer What did the Romans give to the peoples they conquered? What is patriotism? What problems arose as the Republic was growing? Who said Veni, Vedi, Vici and what does it mean? Who belonged to the First Triumvirate? What did the Triumvirate attempt to do?

How did Julius Caesar win the admiration of the poor? In 49 B.C. Julius Caesar was made _________ ____ _______. Why was Julius Caesar murdered? What led to the end of the Roman Republic? Julius Caesar was most responsible for initiating Rome’s move away from a __________and toward a permanent ______________.

Home Front Romans valued friendship Romans gave citizenship to many of the peoples they conquered and allowed them to keep self government turning past enemies into allies. Improved the land they conquered; built aqueducts, roads, & buildings This created Patriotism towards Rome= a sense of pride in one’s country

Problems at Home Farms and homes had been destroyed during the war Patricians became wealthy, slaves took over plebeian jobs…plebeians became extremely poor Rival leaders led armies against each other, people died, poverty grew

During this time of turmoil one of the most famous of the Roman generals and rulers existed, Julius Caesar. Between 58 and 51 B.C. he conquered most of present day France, the British Isles, Belgium, parts of Germany and Spain.

Julius Caesar was famous for the line "Veni,Vidi,Vici" I came, I saw, I Conquered.

The First Triumvirate attempted to weaken the Senate and the patrician class.

A Triumvirate is a group of three people holding power. Each Triumvirate member commanded a military post in an outlying area of the Roman Republic Pompey in Spain Crassus in Syria Caesar in Gaul (current day France and Belgium) The alliance seemed it would be strong since Julius Caesar's daughter Julia married Pompey. When Julia died during child birth and Crassus died in battle the Triumvirate was destroyed.

Caesar had won the admiration of the poorer classes through his victories. This made the Roman senators uneasy. Pompey sent message to Caesar with the backing of the Senate that he was not allowed to cross the Rubicon, a river which was a border of Rome. Julius Caesar did cross the Rubicon and led his army into Rome sending not only Pompey but many members of the Senate fleeing for their lives.

In 49 B.C. Caesar was made dictator for life to end the civil war and made steps to weaken the Senate and the Patricians. However On March 15, 44 B.C. the members of the Roman Senate stabbed Caesar to death on the Senate floor. Civil War once again broke out as leaders struggled to gain power and the Roman Republic was at its end.

Julius Caesar was most responsible for initiating Rome’s move away from a republic and toward a permanent dictatorship