CORE INDUSTRIAL REGIONS PWV Durban Pinetown PE Uitenhague South Western Cape

The PWV (Tshwane ) Complex of Gauteng http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSKSTDmJRAU

Maps of Gauteng

Gauteng Facts 20% of SA population 370 people/km2 97% urbanised – not necessarily civilized? 70% of SA’s labour force 22% contribution to mining sector 38% of SA’s GDP 1,4% of SA’s area

Factors Favouring Industry in Gauteng Central position in SA Flat land Gold mining attracted skilled labour Water – TVTS, LHWP Electricity from Mpumalanga Better salaries Excellent infrastructure Raw materials close by: platinum, gold, maize, coal and iron Transport links well established Large local market for industrial products Many technikons/uni’s/colleges to impart skills Close to harbours – Richards Bay, Durban and Maputo Political intervention: The Gauteng Economic Development Agency has been developed to promote economic growth and development

Facts limiting industrial expansion Congestion Pollution – air, noise, land – especially in winter when Kalahari HP is dominant over interior and prevents dispersal of pollution Insufficient water- the Vaal River has to provide water for 20% of SA’s population Insufficient housing, medical facilities and provision of electricity Infrastructure becomes over used – power cuts Insufficient jobs-no money, squatter camps and crime Distance from a harbor increases transport costs

GAUTENG PWV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Earlier explosives and chemicals to process the ore were produced. Resent times – petrochemical industry developed at Sasolburg and Secunda. Low-grade coal is used to make motor fuel, explosives medicines, artificial rubber and paints. ESKOM AECI AFROX SASOL IRON AND STEEL 1st built near Pretoria in 1934 to supply steel for the mines, railways and buildings. It closed in 1998. Other steel plants at Vanderbijlpark and Vereeninging. ISCOR METAL PRODUCTS Manufacture industrial and farm machinery, earth-moving equipment, building-construction steel and sheet steel used for roofing, car bodies and cans. FOOD AND BEVERAGES 20% of all South Africans live in Gauteng. Providing food for all these people requires a major manufacturing effort. MOTOR VEHICLES BMW and Ford cars are made or assembled near Pretoria, because the greatest vehicle market is in Gauteng, and steel and other metals are immediately available. Some are also exported GAUTENG PWV PROSPECTS FOR GAUTENG Until the 1980’s, manufacturing catered mainly for local market. Manufacturing for the export market now important, steep rises in transport costs encourage a shift to port locations. Gauteng’s dominance will decline