Indo-Pak Relations Powered By: Futurenotez.com

Why bad relation between India Pakistan In 1947 subcontinent was split into two countries India and Pakistan both states were unable to provide security to minorities Mass migration The blaming process started

States to decide their future 680 princely states…. Could accede to any party according their own will. Junagadh…. 88% Hindus, but Muslim ruler Muhabbat Khan voted for Pakistan. Kashmir, a muslim majority state but Hari Singh, wanted to join India

Who should Kashmir have gone to? Pakistan’s main argument was that Kashmir population was mainly made up of Muslims and so should have been part of Pakistan According to India the Maharaja of Kashmir pledged allegiance to India and not Pakistan

1965 war 1965…. Indian launched operation Meghdoot and captured 80% of Siacheen glaciers. 1965, Pakistan’s launched operation “Gibraltar” to which India retaliated with attack on Pakistan

Water dispute Indus water treaty Signed in September 19, 1960. by Indian prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Pakistani president M Ayub Khan India would not interfere in flow of water coming to Pakistan But India constructed dams against the Indus treaty on river Indus , Jhelum and Chenab.

Bangladesh - 1971 Pakistan fell into Civil War East Pakistan wanted autonomy millions fled to India from East Pakistan India fought on behalf of East Pakistan 90,000 troops surrendered… Simla agreement (July 1972) released the prisoners. Bangladesh came into entrances

1998, Kargil War. Indian Air lines Flight IC 814 was hijacked in 24 Dec 1999. The plan landed in Lahore for refueling but the final destination was Kandahar, Afghanistan. Nov 2008, Mumbai attacks… India blamed Pakistan for it.

Pak-Afghan relations Relations began after the creation of Pakistan. ‘inseparable brothers’ according to Karzai. Having 2240 km border, known as Durand line. Despite shared geography, ethnicity and faith, relations with Afghanistan have never been smooth.

Reasons/Issues Durand Line Issue: A historic fact of British legacy. A boundary line between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Drawn as result of an agreement between Afghanistan and British Govt of India on 12th Nov 1893.

Pukhtoonsitan Issue Afghanistan never accepted fully the Pakistani territory. Claims for the Pashtun areas of KP and Balochistan. Pashtun is one nation and has been forcefully divided by Durand Line. Research has found that the Durand line has divided the tribes which have different economic markets.

Cont’d Concept of Pashtunistan is applicable to Afghanistan only, not Pakistani regions of Pashtuns. Durand line’ treaty has been expired.

Interference in each other’s affairs Both sides are equally responsible. Sardar Daud era (1947-1963) has many incidents of involvement. Faqir of Appi’s arm resistance in Waziristan. Balochie’s uprising in Kalat in 1948-49. Prince Karim insurgency in 1948. Fazl Ullah insurgency in Malakand division.

Indian Factor India is increasing its influence in Afghanistan which is considered by Pakistan as threat to herself.

Pakistan’s interference Pakistan is always trying to have a pro-Pakistan govt in Afghanistan. Supported Mujahideen in 80s. Supported and hijacked Thaliban’s movement which led to massacres. Still supporting terrorism/Thaliban.

Summary Pakistan has not been in friendly relations with its immediate neighbors India and Afghanistan in her last more than sixty years history.

The most important for unfriendly relations with India are: The Kashmir Issue The water issue The Syachin issue The Afghan issue The emerging economic power China issue, and many more tiny issues.

The reasons for unfriendly relations with Afghanistan are: The Durand Line issue  The water issue The increasing influence of India in Afghanistan The support of Pakistan for Afghan Thaliban The support of Kabul for anti-state elements in Pakistan, and many more issues.

Suggestion Issues do exists in countries specially with neighbors, but it can be resolve through negotiation and peace talk.

THANK YOU EVERYONE FOR TOLERATING US. For any query, please contact Sir Sikander Tangi