Naming Chemical Compounds

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Presentation transcript:

Naming Chemical Compounds Covalent chemical compounds

Objectives Name binary (compound made up of 2 elements) inorganic covalent compounds by using prefixes, roots, and suffixes. Describe the process of naming an ionic bond. Explain how the properties of ionic compounds depend on the nature of ionic bonds. Describe the structure of salt crystals. Name cations, anions, and ionic compounds. Write chemical formulas for ionic compounds such that an overall neutral charge is maintained. Explain how polyatomic ions and their salts are named and how their formulas are relate to their names.

Definitions for 4/21/16 Define the following words into your notebook, you will need them tomorrow: Molecular formula: Molar mass: Chemical structure/ structural formula (p.24):

Naming covalent compounds Step 1: Understand a covalent compound. Covalent compounds: are formed by two or more non-metals. The name for the compound is based off how many atoms are present (subscript) The prefix is attached is the Latin term for the number of molecules The suffix –ide is added to the last element

Learn the Prefixes Step 2: You attach prefixes to any part of the compound that has multiple atoms P. 207 (Table 5) and Appendix A; p.832 Mono-

Naming covalent compounds Step 3: Name the compounds. Using the correct prefixes, name the new compound. You attach prefixes to any part of the compound that has multiple atoms. Add the suffix –ide at the end of the last element Some exceptions are: CH4 (methane) and NH4 (ammonia)

Example :NaCl

Examples CO : carbon monoxide CO2: carbon dioxide dinitrogen trisulfide: ? Lets try this one! P4S5 : ?

Naming covalent compounds practice problems P. 217; #26 a-g 1. sulfur tetrafluride 2. XeF4 3. phosphorus pentabromide 4. N2O5 5. trisilicon tetranitride 6. PBr3 7. Np3O8

Answers to Practice Problems 1. SF4 2. xenon tetrafluride 3. PBr5 4. dinitrogen pentoxide 5. Si3N4 6. Phosphorus tribromide 7. Trineptunium octoxide

Naming Ionic Compounds Step 1: Know what makes a compound ionic. Ionic compounds: contain a metal and a nonmetal. Refer to periodic table of elements to see what categories the elements in the compound belong to. (You need your book!!!)

Naming Ionic Compounds Step 2: Build the name. For a two element ionic compound, the naming is simple. The first part of the name is the name of the metal element. The second part is the name of the nonmetal element, with the suffix “-ide.” Example: Al2O3 = Al2 = Aluminum ; O3 = Oxide so the name is “ Aluminum oxide”

Naming Ionic Compounds Step 3: Recognize transition metals (Groups 3-12).

Naming compounds practice problems

Naming ionic compound practice problems

Naming polyatomic ions

Naming polyatomic ions practice problems