Draught Finder Trevor Clark 10. Available Ventilation System Types Qualified L1 Air Tester & Thermographer Affiliate Member BINDT (British Institute of Non Destructive Testing) Independent Airtightness Testing Scheme UK Thermography Association

Available Ventilation System Types This presentation is intended to provide a brief indication of the types of ventilation systems available. VENTILATION is the CONTROLLED entry or exit of air! Air Leakage allows UNCONTROLLED entry or exit of air! Uncontrolled Air Leakage (Draughts) = Higher Energy Bills An Airtight building MUST have sufficient ventilation. The risks of under provision of ventilation include Building Damage POOR AIR QUALITY CONDENSATION Leading to mould growth with potentially serious HEALTH issues

Available Ventilation System Types This presentation is intended to provide a brief indication of the types of ventilation systems available. Ventilation – A Note If you live in an existing property and intend on improving the energy efficiency of your home to reduce your fuel bills and save money, please find out how tightly sealed your home is before starting any air sealing work. Knowing how air tight your home is will provide some guidance as to how much sealing work you can do before you need to consider upgrading to a fully controlled mechanical ventilation system to avoid condensation & possible health problems later on. There is no one fix for all properties, the ventilation system needs to be designed for your property. The main problem for ventilation is understanding just how the occupants actually use the building. Occupants can inadvertently dramatically increase the amount of water vapour held in the air in the building just by how they use their home. If not already viewed, please see our slide show on “Draughts v Ventilation”

We will be concentrating on “Mechanical Ventilation” systems Available Ventilation System Types BASIC Ventilation There are many routes and means of ventilation. Passive ventilation works with air bricks, trickle vents, gaps in floor boards and around window and door openings. (Uncontrolled and wasting energy) Active (controlled) includes; Mechanical extractor fans Air exchange units Including heat recovery, (energy saving) Positive Pressure units. Depending on the structure and layout several types of active and passive ventilation may be required to achieve effective performance. We will be concentrating on “Mechanical Ventilation” systems

Ventilation is required to remove moist air while providing fresh air Available Ventilation System Types Ventilation is required to remove moist air while providing fresh air BASIC Ventilation

Each adult expires 2.25 litres by breathing alone Available Ventilation System Types BASIC Ventilation Condensation is not a new phenomenon but in many ways it is exacerbated by modern living in houses which were built and designed for an earlier generation. But where does all the water come from; per Bath 0.2 litres per Shower 0.3 litres 5 average sized plants 0.4 litres Cooking (3 meals) 1.7 litres Cooking on Gas stove 1.5 litres Floor Washing 1.8 litres Drying Clothes 1.9 litres 7 Kg Clothes - Tumbled Dried 9.0 litres 4 occupants – Adults 9.0 litres Each adult expires 2.25 litres by breathing alone Any physical activity increases this figure.  That’s 25 litres per DAY Excess Moisture is BAD for our health & BAD for our buildings

Available Ventilation System Types BASIC Ventilation Ventilation may be achieved by one or a combination of the following systems, but please take advice from a ventilation specialist before installing any system. Ventilation System System Cost Pro's Con's Control ? Passive Relies on either natural wind pressure driven by weather externally and temperature inside. Very Low Easy as building comes with gaps! High Energy Waste None Natural Allow temperature to encourage air flow through the building Very low

Available Ventilation System Types BASIC MECHANICAL Ventilation Individual Fans Mechanical Ventilation System Cost Pro’s Con’s Control Individual Fans Installed in Window or Wall, short or long ducts may be required Low Easy to install Can be controlled Can be noisy Wastes the Energy in stale air Cost money to run High Energy bills unless controlled Various Timer Thermostat Humidistat Basic Extract ….. to stand alone heat recovery fans

Positive Input Ventilation Fans Available Ventilation System Types POSITIVE INPUT Ventilation Ventilation System System Cost Pro's Con's Control ? Positive Input Ventilation Serves the whole house, with one input & short duct Low to Med Easy to install Can be controlled Additional Heating element for winter Wastes the Energy in stale air Cost money to run Additional heater increases energy costs High Energy bills Risk of increased interstitial condensation Annual maintenance required for optimum performance Various Timer Thermostat Humidistat Positive Input Ventilation Fans

NOT ventilation, but can help control condensation Available Ventilation System Types NOT ventilation, but can help control condensation DEHUMIDIFIER Ventilation System System Cost Pro's Con's Control ? Dehumidifier NOT ventilation but can help control condensation Serves single room Med Reasonably priced Range of sizes Free Standing “Fixed” models easy to install Can add heat to room Reasonable cost to run Filters air Removes moisture from the air. Single room only Small water capacity Does not bring in fresh air Circulates stale air Various Timer Thermostat Humidistat Dehumidifiers

Available Ventilation System Types WHOLE HOUSE Ventilation – Balanced Flow Ventilation System System Cost Pro's Con's Control ? Balanced Flow & Whole House Ventilation Supply & Exhaust ducting required Med to High Humidity control. Temperature control. Timer control. Can add heat to all rooms. Filters air. Serves whole house. Fresh air input. Removes stale air. Requires engineer to design system. Increase in price. Fixed in place. Requires professional installation. Medium to high running costs. Annual maintenance required for optimum performance Various Timer Thermostat Humidistat

Available Ventilation System Types i) HEAT RECOVERY Ventilation Ventilation System System Cost Pro's Con's Control ? i) Heat Recovery Ventilation Heat Plate Exchange Energy Recovery Between 70 to 95% Efficient Ducting required as in Whole House High Can add heat to all rooms. Filters air. Serves whole house. Fresh air input. Removes stale air. Low running costs. Requires engineer to design system. Increase in price. Fixed in place. Requires professional installation. Annual maintenance required for optimum performance Various Timer Thermostat Humidistat

Available Ventilation System Types ii) HEAT PUMP RECOVERY Ventilation Ventilation System System Cost Pro's Con's Control ? ii) Heat Pump Recovery Ventilation Mechanical Refrigeration System Heat Energy Recovery From 300 to 500% Efficient Ducting required as in Whole House Very High Can add heat to all rooms. Filters air. Serves whole house. Fresh air input. Removes stale air. Very Low running costs. Can cool in summer Requires engineer to design system. Increase in price. Fixed in place. Requires professional installation. Can be high running costs in summer. Annual maintenance required for optimum performance Various Timer Thermostat Humidistat

Available Ventilation System Types There is an old adage which says "You pay your money & get what you paid for" & in the case of ventilation & energy efficiency this is so true! There is so much energy in the stale air that is expelled from the internal house volume that could be used to heat water or other areas of the house. This re-use of energy that would otherwise be wasted will become the next target for energy saving measures in the modern homes of the future. Condensation & Mould As far as Condensation Control is concerned the only way to prevent condensation is to ventilate the room area with "dryer air" & remove the moisture loaded air from the building. Treating any mould of fungal growths to ensure that health problems are not exacerbated should the condensation ever return. Spores from these two items can re-immerge when conditions are 'ripe' again!

Trevor Clark Available Ventilation System Types If you are experiencing any of the problems in the previous slides, please call TREVOR for an informal discussion on how we can help with condensation problems or to reduce your heating costs Mob: 435052 Trevor Clark Qualified Air Tester & Thermographer Thank you for reading …. Check out our other Slide Presentations in this series