4 | Usage and Traffic Modeling

Information Requirements for Usage Modeling 20335B Information Requirements for Usage Modeling 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling These include: Usage scenarios Usage models Personas Capturing data for usage models: How many site locations are there? How many users are at each site location? How many users will always be remote? What are the future growth estimates? What sort of WAN technology/topology is deployed? What is your overall WAN link speed? What is the maximum/current available bandwidth for Skype for Business traffic per WAN link? Predefined usage models  

Using Personas in Usage Modeling 20335B Using Personas in Usage Modeling 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Personas: Represent the behavior of classes of users present in a customer’s environment. Up to 10 personas in the tool. They are typically independent of location. Persona characteristics include: Utilization of Skype for Business modalities as defined in usage models: none, low, medium, high: They can be job-related (for example, ”our sales reps make plenty of PSTN voice calls”) They can be related to administrative policy (for example, “video calls are not allowed for vendors in our organization”) Percentage of users working remotely: 0% – 100% Others factors related to administrative policies or users behavior.  

Validating Personas and Usage Models 20335B Validating Personas and Usage Models 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Information to evaluate includes: The number of PBXs implemented The number of PSTN channels provisioned The number of any intersite tie connections between PBXs, or whether intersite calls are made through the PSTN The number of users at each location Call data records (CDRs) for PSTN traffic usage Usage statistics, such as the maximum number of concurrent calls during the busy hour: Total number and usage of PSTN channels at each site Trunk usage for intersite connections   Other Locations PSTN PBX Peer Channels PSTN Channels

Collecting Data to Validate Models for Estimating Call Flow 20335B Collecting Data to Validate Models for Estimating Call Flow 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling This includes: Maximum number of conferencing ports used. Average maximum number of concurrent conferences. Including the number of participants when that maximum occurs. Average meeting size. Average meeting duration. Total minutes of conferencing used per day and per month.  

Lync Bandwidth Calculator Usage Models 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Maximum concurrency of x% of the user base using instant messaging and presence Maximum concurrency of x% of the user base using peer-to-peer audio Maximum concurrency of x% of the user base using peer-to-peer video Maximum concurrency of x% of the user base using audio conferencing Maximum concurrency of x% of the user base using video conferencing Maximum concurrency of x% of the user base using desktop sharing Maximum concurrency of x% of the user base using PSTN audio Maximum concurrency of x% of the user base working remotely  

Microsoft Skype for Business Server 2015 Planning Tool 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Show the students what the Planning Tool looks like by referring to the image on the slide. You navigate the Microsoft Skype for Business Server 2015 Planning Tool by using a combination of a toolbar, page-specific buttons and links, and context-specific panes. The context-specific panes provide design information for planning and capacity that is relevant to the selection options on a specific page. Note* 1) Bandwidth Calculator is being updated for Skype for Business, in this Module we will be using Lync Bandwidth Calculator as a reference 2) Skype for Business Server planning tool is in development however Lync 2013 planning tool can be used for this Module

Call Flow Scenarios RDP Bandwidth Estimations Screen size Acceptable 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling RDP Bandwidth Estimations Screen size Acceptable Optimal 1280x800 384 Kbps 1.5 Mbps 1440x900 512 Kbps 2 Mbps 1680x1050 768 Kbps 2.75 Mbps 1920x1200 1 Mbps 3.5 Mbps   Note: Sharing in the Microsoft PowerPoint presentation graphics program is accomplished by using a different method for desktop sharing. Older versions of Skype for Business use a built-in PowerPoint file viewer, or, for web presentations, the file is converted into a dynamic HTML stream that requires the Microsoft Silverlight browser plug-in. To improve this experience for Skype for Business Server 2015, an Office Web Application Server handles PowerPoint presentations by using dynamic HTML and JavaScript.

Types of Skype for Business User-Generated Traffic 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling These include: Primary focus: Peer-to-peer audio Multiparty audio Secondary focus: Peer-to-peer video Multiparty video PSTN audio Partially (only in modeling): SIP signaling (includes presence) Instant messaging Desktop/application sharing Transfer files Discuss the different types of Skype for Business user-generated traffic.

Network Bandwidth Requirements for Skype for Business 2015 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Modality Description Maximum bandwidth Typical bandwidth IM, presence, and signaling Nonmedia elements 2 Kbps 1.6 Kbps Voice Default = Silk Wideband 69 Kbps 44 Kbps Conference voice Default = G.722 100.6 Kbps 46.1 Kbps Video – small Uses H.264 at 320x180 250 Kbps 200 Kbps Video – medium Uses H.264 at 640x480 800 Kbps 640 Kbps Video – high Uses H.264 at 1280x1080 4 Mbps 3.2 Mbps  

20335B Audio Codec Bandwidth 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling  

Required bandwidth depends on: Resolution Quality Frame rate Video Codec Bandwidth 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Required bandwidth depends on: Resolution Quality Frame rate There are three bit rates for each resolution: Maximum payload bit rate Minimum payload bit rate Typical bit rate  

Video Resolution Bandwidth 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Video codec Resolution and aspect ratio Maximum video payload bit rate (Kbps) Minimum video payload bit rate (Kbps) Typical bit rate (Kbps) H.264 320x180 (16:9) 212x160 (4:3) 250 15 200 H.264/RTVideo 424x240 (16:9)) 320x240 (4:3 350 100 280 480x270 (16:9) 424x320 (4:3) 450 640x360 (16:9) 640x480 (4:3) 800 300 640 848x480 (16:9) 1500 400 1200 960x540 (16:9) 2000 500 1600 1280x720 (16:9) 2500 700 1920x1080 (16:9) 4000 3200 960x144 (20:3) 1280x192 (20:3) 1000   1920x288 (20:3)  

Endpoints Endpoints do not stream audio or video packets continuously. 20335B Endpoints 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Endpoints do not stream audio or video packets continuously. Scenarios: Peer-to-peer: Endpoints send audio streams only when users speak. Both participants receive audio streams. Both endpoints send and receive video streams during the entire call if video is used. Video scenes with little or no movement may temporarily have a low actual bit rate because the video codec skips encoding regions of the video with no changes. Conferencing: All participants receive audio streams. All participants can receive up to five video streams and 1 panoramic video stream if video is used.  

Lync Bandwidth Calculation Overview 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling …and Grey = formulas or results (locked cells) Green Yellow Red   Do not forget that: Green = Required user entry Yellow = Can be modified from the defaults Red = Cannot be modified

Defining Personas in the Lync Bandwidth Calculator 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Site users: Must be grouped based on ”Personas”. Up to three persona types can be selected individually in each site.  

Sites 20335B 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling The WAN link columns are discussed in the next topic.

Central Sites Central sites: 20335B Central Sites 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Central sites: Where Skype for Business Front-End pools will be located: If the Skype for Business deployment has mulitiple distributed Skype for Business Front-End pools, then enter multiple Central sites (unless all Front-End pools are in the same network site). WAN links must be defined: “WAN link speed” is the total size of the connection to the MPLS WAN cloud. “WAN link BW Allocated to RTC traffic” is how much bandwidth the customer wants to allow for Skype for Business RTC: Typically this should be assumed as 30% of WAN link (industry-standard for RTC traffic on the WAN links) Global “Red flag” threshold is set to this value, but it can be defined to a level expected by the customer  

Branch Sites Branch sites: 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Branch sites: Are sites with Skype for Business users only: Each Branch site must be associated with a Central site. If many similar branches, one row can summarize them. Might have local PSTN gateways: If so, then select ”Local PSTN Breakout” = Yes (with Media Bypass on, or when Mediation server is also in the branch, adjacant to the voice gateway). If not, than set “Use G711 for PSTN Calls over WAN?” correctly.  

Bandwidth Modeling Results for Sites 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling These include: Individual results – WAN link consumption split per modality: Inter-site traffic only. Traffic of users located in this site only. Traffic of remote users considered as necessary.    

Aggregated Results: Table 1 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Table 1: WAN traffic aggregated in each Central site: Split by Skype for Business modality. Totals (WAN and Skype for Business RTC) with limit/threshold checks. Audio/video/conferencing total.  

Aggregated Results: Table 2 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Table 2: Internet traffic of remote users, aggregated in each Internet site: Split by Skype for Business modality. Totals with limit/threshold checks.  

Graphical Results These include: 20335B Graphical Results 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling These include: Skype for Business RTC bandwidth requirements and availability: Helps to quickly identify which sites might be lacking bandwidth for Skype for Business. Can choose which sites are to be graphed. Focus on Skype for Business RTC bandwidth requirements and availability: Helps to quickly identify which sites might be lacking bandwidth for Skype for Business RTC traffic. Useful for creating executive-level reports in a network assessment final report. You can choose the results from the sites that are to be graphed.

Deployment Readiness This information includes: 20335B Deployment Readiness 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling This information includes: A summary of sites that may require a WAN upgrade before they can carry the estimated volume of Skype for Business RTC traffic. Focus on Skype for Business RTC bandwidth requirements and availability: Overall look at the whole Skype for Business deployment. Useful for creating executive-level reports in a network assessment final report. RTC with or without video.

Define QoS Traffic Classification 20335B Define QoS Traffic Classification 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Use the Lync Bandwidth Calculator to: Define Quality of Service (QoS) traffic classification An example of an advanced task.   RESULT

To determine the number of Erlangs: Erlang Calculator 05: Usage and Traffic Modeling Calculations: One Erlang equals one continuous call for 3600 seconds (the number of seconds in one hour). To determine the number of Erlangs: Multiply the number of calls during the busy hour (B) times the average call length in seconds (L), and then divide by 3600: Erlangs = (B*L)/3600  

Traffic Simulation Tools 20335B Traffic Simulation Tools 06: Performing Traffic Simulations These tools: Generate real audio and video RTP/RTCP traffic Centrally manage the probes. Mark traffic with Quality of Service (QoS) markings. Collect and graph the five baseline network characteristics. Support all five baseline characteristics: One-way network delay Average jitter Maximum jitter Average packet loss Burst packet loss (peak consecutive packets lost)  

Simulating Bandwidth Requirements 06: Performing Traffic Simulations A well-designed traffic simulation sampling scenario enables you to: Determine if congestion patterns develop Determine if the QoS policies are effective and applied correctly Gauge network response during congestion periods: For example, dropped packets, delay and jitter effects, and so on  

Identifying Sites for Traffic Simulation 20335B Identifying Sites for Traffic Simulation 06: Performing Traffic Simulations Take the following into consideration: There is always a limit: The standard network assessment is scoped for up to 20 sites. Make sure to test in representative sites. Do not test for insufficient bandwidth if this is already known. Central sites should always host a simulation endpoint. Focus on the possible weak parts of the network: Where the Modeling phase revealed the link bandwidth might be barely enough. Connections traveling between continents that are prone to packet loss and delay. Connections with expected high utilization (users talk often). Where there is existing knowledge of poor quality WAN links. User input or preferences other than technical nature: For example: ”That is the site where the chief executive officer (CEO) is based”  

Skype for Business Server Real-Time Scenarios to Be Simulated 06: Performing Traffic Simulations For these: Peer traffic should be evenly distributed between other remote location probes: Audio traffic volume Video traffic volume Conference traffic should be between the remote probe and the data center probe: PSTN traffic should be between the remote probe and the data center probe:  

Preparing for Traffic Simulation 20335B Preparing for Traffic Simulation 06: Performing Traffic Simulations To do so: Verify site selection Decide on traffic distribution and allocation (flows and amount of traffic to simulate)  

Traffic Simulation Best Practices 06: Performing Traffic Simulations It is important to: Verify site selection based on anticipated Skype for Business Server real-time services Decide the level of traffic distribution and allocation required Know key sites and bandwidth for traffic scenarios Keep the list of sites to 20 or less Test representative sites that will use Skype for Business Server RTC services Focus on potential network weak points Determine potential packet loss and delay for connections Inquire about existing organizational knowledge regarding poor quality Consider other site selection input other than technical Consider traffic distribution and allocation between sites Perform initial modeling with the Skype for Business Bandwidth Calculator  

Skype for Business Server 2015 Stress and Performance Tool Package 06: Performing Traffic Simulations The Skype for Business Server 2015 Stress and Performance Tool (LSS) simulates the following types of user loads: Instant messaging (IM) and presence Audio/Video/Multi-View conferencing Application sharing Voice over IP (VoIP), including public switched telephone network (PSTN) simulation Web Access Client conferencing Conferencing Attendant Response Groups Distribution list expansion Address book download and address book query E911 calls and Location Profile