AP World History Mrs. Bradley

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Colonies in the Americas. Spanish Colonies Spanish land was divided into four provinces Spanish land was divided into four provinces Spain wanted to maintain.
Advertisements

Spanish and Portuguese Colonies in the Americas Mr. Mitchell’s C.P. World History Class.
Objectives Explain how Spain ruled its empire in the Americas.
Chapter 19.  How did the Iberians conquer Latin America?  Describe the empires that emerged in the New World  In what ways were the new empires multicultural.
CHAPTER 19: EARLY LATIN AMERICA. CHRONOLOGY OF CONQUEST #1 Periods of Spanish and Portuguese conquest and colonization 1 st : Human destruction.
Conquest in the Americas. EXTRA CREDIT Watch President Obama’s State of the Union Address tonight. Write a one page paper about what President Obama speaks.
AGE OF EXPLORATION.  After Columbus & Magellan…  Hernan Cortes (Spain) - conquistador who arrived in Mexico in 1519, looking for lands to claim & searching.
European Age of Discovery Impact
The Spanish and Portuguese Americas
Chapter 4 Spain Builds an Empire.
Chapter 19 Early Modern Era
The Spanish and Native Americans Chapter 2, Section 3
The Lasting Impact of Europeans: Religion, Language and Slavery
Ch. 19 Discussion Questions
Spain in America 2.3.
Spanish rule in the Americas had terrible consequences for Native Americans and Africans THE IMPACT OF COLONIZATION.
Iberian Peninsula By the mid-fifteenth century political unification was underway last Muslim kingdom falls and Jewish population removed. Iberians.
What Factors Encouraged European Exploration? Why did they come to Latin America?
Ch.13 Sec.3.  Brazil – Completely controlled by Portugal by the 1500s Only area controlled by Portugal in the W. Hemisphere.
Bell Ringer: 1. Look at the map on page 72. Describe the area included in the Viceroyalty of New Spain and the Viceroyalty of Peru? 2. How do you suppose.
Interact: Ch 19 Outline Chapter 19
Spanish Conquest of Central and South America
Three Worlds Meet Cultural diffusion, spread of Christianity, demise of indigenous population & Columbian exchange.
What Factors Encouraged European Exploration? Why did they come to Latin America?
Early Latin America Chapter 19. Iberian Society and Tradition Spanish wanted to recreate themselves as nobility with Indian serfs Ecomiendas—large estates.
AGE OF EXPLORATION Video.  CONQUISTADOR: Spanish conqueror  After Columbus & Magellan…  Hernan Cortes (Spain) - conquistador who arrived in Mexico.
CORE NATIONS New core nation is Europe (was China and Muslim Empire); profits from world economy, controls trade, commerce and manufactured goods.
4/28 Focus: Important Terms Do Now:
Chapter Spanish and Portuguese Colonies in the Americas
In order to keep control of the colonies, the king of Spain split up his new empire into Viceroyalties. A COUNCIL OF THE INDIES CREATED LAWS FOR THE COLONIES.
Spanish and Portuguese Colonies in the Americas Chapter 15 Section 2.
VocabularySlave Trade Spanish Rule Christian Conversion New France/Bra zil
What was the effect of Europeans moving to and settling in the Americas, Africa & Asia? SOL 4c.
Spanish & Portuguese Colonies in the Americas
The Spanish and Portuguese Americas
The Spanish and Native Americans
The Spanish and Native Americans Pages 41-45
Interact: Ch 19 Outline Chapter 19, pgs
Impact of Spanish Colonization
Colonial Societies in the Americas
Notes on Native American Rebellion and Cultural Adaptation in the New World APUSH Unit 1 Lesson 1.3.
Video AGE OF EXPLORATION CONQUEST IN AMERICA.
Ch16-Jeopardy.
Spanish Colonization of the New World
New Worlds: Americas & Oceania
3/2 Aim: How did Spain rule it’s empire in the Americas ?
Spanish Influence on Latin America
The Spanish Empire and Colonies
What were the effects of the Treaty of Tordesillas?
Colonial Rule in the Americas
Colonization of the New World
Colonization of Middle and South America
Spanish Exploration & Colonization
South American Colonial Societies
Encomienda System Notes and Activities.
From Conquistadors to Slavery
AFTER QUIZ! Read pg. 411 in the text – primary source
Political Transformations: Empires and Encounters
SOL Daily Quiz #1. Da Gama was the first European to sail where?
Chapter 19 Vocabulary.
Europe and the Americas
The Spanish and Portuguese Americas
Chapter 2 Exploring the Americas
The Spanish and Portuguese Americas
The Spanish and Portuguese Americas
The Spanish and Native Americans
The Spanish and Portuguese Americas
Section 2 Colonies in Central and South America
How were Spanish colonies organized?
Spanish Colonization.
Presentation transcript:

AP World History Mrs. Bradley Ch 19 Early Latin America AP World History Mrs. Bradley

Iberian Peninsula vs New Spain Where are Portugal’s colonies? East Indies, West Africa, Brazil Where are Spain’s colonies? Calif/Mexico, west coast of So America What accounts for the differences? In what ways do the colonies resemble the European homeland? Religion, urban mentality, military ethic, nobility (control of land & people), slaver, church/state relationship 5) In what ways are they different? Build cities from scratch. European cities built up over years – slowly over time. Cities laid out in grids – ability to plan. http://www.johomaps.com/world/worldblank_bw.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Central_and_Western_Europe_blank_map.svg

Colonialism Encomienda System: grants from Spanish crown that gave natives to Europeans; Europeans were responsible for the natives, were to Christianize them, and could use them as forced labor 1.) Don’t be confused – a hacienda is the land and manor; Encomiendas = power to use the people as labor This is the beginning of plantation system 2) The problem is that the Europeans that came over were from the middle to lower class. Now in the encomnienda system, they become the “new” nobility. However, they always yearn for home where there is culture, entertainment, food, etc. But when they go back to visit as nobility, they are not recognized as such. They are looked down upon and are resented. Therefore, the kings put an end to this system. 2) What does this system remind you of? feudalism 3.) How is religion used in this system? Christianity is used in this system. They believe Christianity is the far superior religion over native religions. What does Christianity say about slavery? They use it as a justification to enslave the natives http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ilKQHtxEDfM/USvbS-94r0I/AAAAAAAABFo/-tcolhts4fk/s1600/encomienda.jpg

Morality of Conquest Bartolome de Las Casas Former conquistardo turned Christian Aristotle’s definition of the “barbarian” and the natural slave did not apply to the Indians, who were fully capable of reason and should be brought to Christianity without force or coercion Juan Gines de Sepulveda Once a conquistador always a conquistador “Those whose condition is such that their function is the use of their bodies and nothing better can be expected of them, those, I say, are slaves of nature. It is better for them to be ruled thus.” The natives are as “children to parents, as women are to men, as cruel people are from mild people.” 1.) What are their arguments? 2.) What do they use to justify their claims? 3.) Who do most people seem to agree with?

Labor Fundamental Goal for Europeans: mnke money Gold and silver Agriculture Cash Crops (sugar cane, tobacco, cotton) 1.) What are cash crops? Highly valuable, highly desirable, not easily available in all parts of the world, not something you can consume for survival 2.) What happens to prices when other countries get involved? They increase more goods, which makes prices go down, not as much money being made http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-MXSVr88PBis/UpkqMFyMXdI/AAAAAAAAOmk/PVYoNhhLVOg/s1600/es_20071227_1_5049445_captured.jpg

Outcomes of Labor Formation of “castas” Power Players: The top of the pyramid Peninsulares: people from the Iberian Peninsula, mostly men (85% from Spain!), made up the smallest and most powerful group Creoles: people of full European descent born in the New World also had wealth and power 1.) Castas: categorizing racial origins – putting people in categories based solely upon race.

Multicultural Societies New groups emerged in colonized lands. Few European women lived in the New World  mixed marriages and sexual exploitation were common. Europeans - conquerors and migrants Indians - conquered, indigenous peoples Africans – slaves Peninsulares: Colonists born in Europe Creoles: Colonists born in Americas of European parents Mestizos: European + indigenous Mulattos: European + African Zambos: indigenous + African

Sociedad de castas Peninsulares Europeans Creole Europeans Mestizos Mulattos Indians Zambos Free Africans (Negros) Slaves 1.) Natives make bad slaves. They are hunter/gatherers not farmers. They don’t know how to use the farming implements. They aren’t resistant to disease. They know the territory so it makes it easier for them to run away. 2.) Africans become enticing to Europeans because they are resistant to disease, come from agrarian societies, don’t know the terrain. 3.) The first four levels all about skin tone. Further down, based upon usefulness 4.) Creole: European born in Colonies 5.) Mulatttoes: European and African 6.) Mestizoes: European and Native American 7.) Zambos: African and Native American

Controlling the New Spanish Empire Spanish kings established two viceroyalties (areas under the control of viceroys) Mexico aka New Spain Capital city Tenochtitlan became Mexico City Peru aka New Castille Brand new capital city Lima, located on the coast for convenience

New Spanish Empire, cont. Viceroys were reviewed by courts called audiencias to keep them from becoming too powerful Viceroys ruled in the name of the king Audiencias ensured the Viceroy remained loyal to the king Transportation and communication were difficult and so governing usually fell to local audiencias All over Spanish America big cities and large estates grew