The Presidency Ch. 13 “A tyrant is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.” “I’m glad to be going - This is the loneliest place in the world.” “The four most miserable years of my life were my years in the Presidency.”

Qualifications Must be born a U.S. citizen At least ____ years old What is the average age? Who is the oldest? Who is the youngest?

Qualifications Lived in the U.S. for at least ____ years. What are informal qualifications?

Elected terms of the President Elected term for President =_______ Is there a term limit? 22nd Amendment (1951) No President may serve more than __ years in office.

Elected terms of the President “No third term tradition” What other options were discussed for elected terms when making the Constitution? Should it be changed today?

Salary - Pay and Benefits Congress sets pay - cannot be changed during term. Salary of George Washington? Presidents Salary today? + $50,000 expense account. Can’t make money any other way

Salary - Pay and Benefits Benefits of President White House Secret Service Air Force One Marine One Camp David Medical Staff Motorcade

What the President does Chief of State - ceremonial leader Chief Executive - Executes (carries out) our laws Chief Administrator - top official in Federal Govt. (at top of bureaucracy) Chief Diplomat - Main spokesman for foreign policy

What the President does Chief Legislator - ability to shape Congressional agendas Chief of Party - leader of his party Chief Citizen - represents all U.S. Citizens

What the President does Appointment Power Pres. Selects many top officials in Govt. All appointments confirmed by the _____ With a simple majority vote or Major majority How does this happen?

What the President does Appointment Power cont. *Ambassadors to other countries *Cabinet Members (15) *Heads of Agencies - CIA,FBI,NASA,NTSB,FED *Federal Judges

What the President does Treaty Power Treaty- agreement between 2 or more sovereign states Does it have to be approved? Treaties have the same force as law

What the President does Executive Agreement Pact between Pres. And the head of a foreign state Used for routine international agreements Does it need to be approved?

What the President does Commander in Chief What is President’s role as commander in chief? The President can make war The U.S. Congress can declare war

What the President does Commander in Chief cont. * War Powers Resolution Act 1973 Puts limits on President’s war powers What limits did law impose?

What the President does War Powers Resolution Act 1973 1. ____ hours after committing troops Pres. Must tell Congress the circumstances and reasons 2. Within _____ days Pres. Must gain approval from Congress. Can be extended 3. Congress may end troop commitment at any time.

What the President does Legislative Powers (Message Power) Can the President make laws? Pres. Informs Congress of agenda at state of the union address.

What the President does Veto Power Pres. Can sign bills into laws Pres. Can veto bill and send back to Congress (Congress can override) Pres. Can simply do nothing for 10 days Pres. Can use the pocket veto

What the President does Pardon power - forgiveness of a crime Only for federal offenses - no on impeachment Executive Order (Ordinance Power) - Directive, rule, proclamation issued by the President that has same force as law EX / rationing, internment camps, Emancipation Proclamation, travel ban?, Manhattan project

Presidential Succession 25th Amendment (1967) V.P. becomes the President if……. What happened before the 25th Amendment?

Presidential Succession Presidential Succession Act (1947) Succession of Pres. Following the V.P. Invoking the 25th V.P. takes over when… Pres. Informs Congress in Writing 2. V.P. and majority of cabinet inform Congress

Vice President V.P. -Becoming more important recently -President of the Senate - can V.P. vote in Congress? -Become President if current President is disabled -helps determine presidential disability -Balance the ticket

Election of the President -President not elected by popular vote. Why not? -President is elected by Electoral College group of electors from states who cast votes for President -How many electors for each state? Senators + House members = # of votes

Election of the President Total electoral votes = _______ Votes needed to win = _______ (majority) -Electors - members of Electoral College *nominated by their political party *assigned to the pres. Candidate representing their party *chosen to Electoral College by popular vote (this is who we actually vote for)

Election of the President -electoral votes are made in December -not counted until January 6th after election -each elector gets 2 votes 1 for President 1 for V.P.

Election of the President -what if there is no majority? who gets to decide who the President and V.P. will be?______________ Each state would get 1 vote (26 needed to win)

Election of the President What is wrong with the Electoral College? winner of popular vote may not win electoral vote Winner-take-all system traditionally Electors do not have to follow the popular vote in the states House of Reps could possibly decide https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OUS9mM8Xbbw&IP=10.77.79.139&CAT=YOUTUBE&USER=IPGROUP&CE=0

Election of the President Should changes be made? Direct popular election - most simple and acceptable solution District Plan -2 electors chosen by popular vote at large -they would cast votes according to at large popular vote

Election of the President District Plan cont. -other electors chosen by popular vote from each congressional district -they would cast votes according to popular vote within district Proportional Plan -divide electoral votes based on percentage of popular votes

Election of the President Proportional Plan cont. -25 % of popular vote = 25% of electoral votes -Minor Parties Are the states free to choose their own methods of rewarding electoral votes?

Impeachment Impeach - to bring charges against an individual -House of Reps brings charges (majority) (treason, bribery, high crimes, misdem.) -Senate acts as jury and votes on conviction (2/3 vote) (judge is Chief Justice)