Treaty of Vienna (1815) v. Treaty of Versailles (1919)

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Treaty of Vienna (1815) v. Treaty of Versailles (1919) Daniel Son Per. 6

Prompt: 1976 - “The Treaty of Vienna (1815) was a more realistic accommodation to the post-Napoleonic period than was the Versailles settlement (1919) to the post-First World War period.” Decide the merits of the statement above and in a well- developed argument support your decision with a carefully reasoned analysis of the events mentioned.

Treaty of Vienna (1815) The Great Powers of Europe held a Congress at Vienna to settle boundaries after the Napoleonic era. No great rewards or punishments. Was generous to France so as to keep them from wanting revenge. Wanted to revert to a pre-revolutionary status which only succeeded temporarily because the world was too liberal. Restored European monarchies. Ignored demands for liberalism. Was mainly negotiated by Austria, Prussia, Russia, & Great Britain (later, France). Aimed to preserve the peace in Europe. A peace that lasted 40 years (Crimean War).

Napoleonic Europe

Europe after the Treaty of Vienna (1815).

Treaty of Versailles (1919) Peace conference that had representatives of 27 nations. Were determined not to make the mistakes made in the Congress of Vienna. (Reactionary aristocrats, ignoring liberalism) Wished to create eternal peace. Led mainly by the United States, Great Britain, & France. Kept Germany out. Wilson (USA) spoke for an idealistic & democratic international cooperation - the League of Nations. France & England were not very happy as they wanted to punish Germany. France wanted a demilitarized buffer zone from Germany. France instead had a formal defensive alliance with the US and Great Britain in case of German attack. However, France was later abandoned by both countries.

Conditions for Germany Could only have an armed force of 100,000 men. Could only have navy of 15,000. No import/export of weapons. Cede Alsace-Lorraine to France. Cede foreign territories to the Allies. Put all blame on Germany and its Allies and required that they pay for reparations. ~$785 billion USD. Reduced to 81. Further weakened German economy.

Territorial changes after World War I.

Analysis & Conclusion Both treaties had their faults. The Treaty of Vienna tried to revert to a monarchist Europe. The Treaty of Versailles left Germany extremely weak and politically unstable. However, the Treaty of Vienna had more realistic demands of the French empire while the Germans were left very vulnerable, which set the stage for Nazi Germany.