INTEGRATED APPROACH TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN CULTURAL HERITAGE BUILDINGS Margareta Zidar, B.Sc.Arch.Eng. Željka Hrs Borković, B.Sc.Arch.Eng. Energy institute Hrvoje Požar – RES and EE department International conference Energy management in cultural heritage, Dubrovnik April 6-8, 2011

Structure Energy certification procedure in Croatia Energy efficiency and preservation principles

Energy certification procedure in Croatia EU Directive 2002/91/EC on the energy performance of buildings Transparent data on energy demand of a building to the owners, users and the market Energy audit provides calculation of annual heating demand QH,nd - for actual and reference climate conditions Total primary energy demand Eprim (kWh/a) CO2 emission generated by energy source Energy performance analysis directed at suggestion of feasible energy efficiency measures

Energy efficiency and preservation principles Energy concept Adapted to specific building – age, use, indoor requirements Integrated and optimal combination of energy efficiency measures incorporating quality of construction, energy supply optimization and decentralization (RES), efficient energy use, lifecycle assessment and minimizing environmental footprint Systematic energy refurbishment of the existing buildings and construction of efficient and autonomous new buildings - National energy conservation goal Cultural heritage public buildings Incoherent planning and maintenance practices throughout long life span, high energy consumption and low efficiency technical systems - poor energy rating in E, F or G classes Climate change effect - material corrosion - O3 effect on copper, cast bronze and limestone Goal: reduce the negative effect on own preservation

Energy efficiency and preservation principles Integrated approach and balancing energy and economy savings, mitigating carbon footprint and environment impact, preserve appearance and improve durability Pre 1900 buildings - historic styles: built in natural materials, brick, mortar, wood, rarely using concrete and steel, maintaining durability without using innovative solutions in construction, energy or maintenance practice Post 1900 buildings – modernity: built in generic materials as concrete, aluminum, steel, plastic, incorporating innovative principles but not achieving higher durability, maintenance or energy standards Energy demand optimization, use of efficient and innovative systems with renewable energy sources, reducing energy and management costs, improving indoor comfort and minimizing environment impact.

Energy efficiency and preservation principles Building Year of construction Energy rating Hospital for continued nursing in Duga Resa 1900, refurbished in 2001 G Energy efficiency measures Investment - Pay-back period CO2 savings Insulation of ceiling toward attick Change of boiler, automation and regulation (TRV) Solar thermal for DHW Reactive power compensation, change of lighting fixtures 26.000 € - 2,2 y 19.200 € - 1,2 y 54.800 € - 6,3 y 5 y 110 t 30%

Energy efficiency and preservation principles Building Year of construction Energy rating Office building in Split 1930 refurbished in 1997 D ≤ 100 kWh/m2a Energy efficiency measures Investment - Pay-back period CO2 savings Insulation of flat roof and courtyard walls Heating and cooling system balancing Solar thermal for DHW Installation of efficient bulbs (reducing power capacity) 48.500 € - 20,5 y 8.740 € - 9,5 y 3.850 € - 5 y 3.150 € - 4,6 y 16 t 20%

Energy efficiency and preservation principles Passive house standard: 10+ refurbishment factor Energy autonomous building RES for heating (flat ground source collector and heat pump) and electricity generation (PV) Passive cooling technique Daylighting control In compliance with EPBD 31/2010 PAUAT Architekten ZT GmbH, DI Heinz Plöderl, Team GMI Ingenieurbüro GmbH, DI Michael Berger: Fronius International GmbH, Management Board Corporate Services, build in Wels, Austria

Conclusion CONSERVATION DEVELOPMENT BUILDINGS URBAN SPACE PLANNING RESEARCH ART BUILDINGS URBAN SPACE SCIENCE Living and natural environment Natural RES potential Heritage values Energy certification PUBLIC INTEREST ADDED VALUE

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION ! Margareta Zidar B.Sc.Arch.Eng. mzidar@eihp.hr Željka Hrs Borković B.Sc.Arch.Eng. zhrs@eihp.hr