Sexually Transmitted Infections Chapter 25- Lesson 1 & 2

The Risk of STI’s STI’s or Sexually Transmitted Diseases Infectious diseases spread from person to person through sexual contact Epidemic: occurrences of diseases in which many people in the same place and at the same time are affected 65 million people in the U.S. are living with an incurable STI

High- Risk Behavior and STDs Being sexually active with more than 1 person Engaging in unprotected sex Selecting high-risk partners Using alcohol and other drugs

The Consequesnces of STI’s Some STI’s are incurable Some STI’s cause cancer Some STI’s can cause complications that affect the ability to reproduce Some STI’s can be passed from an infected female to her child before, during, or after birth

Common STDs Human Papillomavirus or HPV A virus that causes genital warts or asymptomatic infection The CDC estimates that 50 to 75 % of sexually active people acquire HPV at some point in their lives Most types of HPV are asymptomatic There is no treatment Almost all cases of cervical cancer is caused by HPV

Human Papillomavirus Virus

Genital Warts Appear on the genitals, vagina, or the cervix 1-3 months after infection from HPV Treatment can rid the body of warts, but not the virus

Chlamydia A bacterial infection that affects the reproductive organs of both males and females 40% of cases are reported in teens 15-19 years old Asymptomatic most of the time, but symptoms include: vaginal discharge, burning during urination, and abdominal pain If left untreated, it can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease in females and infertility in males and females

Genital Herpes An STD caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) There are 2 types of HSV: Type 1 usually causes cold sores Type 2 usually causes genital sores Both types can infect in the mouth and the genitals Most are asymptomatic, but can have blisterlike sores The virus can be spread even if there are no symptoms!! Symptoms can be contracted form mother to child during delivery and are often fatal for the child

Genital Herpes

Gonorrhea A bacterial STD that usually affects mucous membranes Symptoms are similar to Chlamydia and males have a discharge from the penis 50% of females with gonorrhea have no symptoms Can be treated with antibiotics, but is increasingly resisting treatment Females can pass the infection to their babies during childbirth: eye infections that cause blindness

Gonorrhea

Trichomoniasis STD caused by a microscopic protozoan that results in infections of the vagina, urethra, and bladder Females may have more symptoms, however may cause vaginitis An inflammation of the of the vagina characterized by discharge, odor, irritation, and itching

Syphilis An STD that attacks many parts of the body and is caused by a small bacterium called a spirochete First sight of infection is painless reddish sore called a chancre Sore will heal on its own, but if the infection is not treated, it spreads through the blood to other parts of body Eventually can damage internal organs Females can pass the infection to their babies during child birth: damaged nervous system

Syphilis