New Empires in the Americas Chapter 2 New Empires in the Americas

Christopher Columbus sails west Read Primary Source on P. 44 Spain Funds Columbus's journey to find a new sailing route to Asia. Columbus and his associates are interested in gold and converting the Native Americans to Christianity, not the Native American culture. The Columbian Exchange begins. European nations start settlements in North and South America. Conquistadors conquer the Aztec and Incan Empire. The African Slave Trade leads to the opening of the Middle Passage and the African Diaspora.

Columbian Exchange

The Line of Demarcation and the Treaty of Tordesillas Pope Alexander the 6th drew an imaginary line dividing the land across the Atlantic Ocean between the Spanish and the Portuguese.

Conquistadors Spanish military leaders who sail to North and South America to conquer the Aztecs and the Incas Hernan Cortes is the conquistador who conquers the Aztecs Francisco Pizarro is the conquistador who conquers the Incas

Cortes conquers King Moctezuma

Pizarro conquers the Incas

How did the conquistadors conquer so many people so easliy? Diseases from Europe had already been killing many Native Americans before the conquistadors arrived Iron weapons from Spain easily overpowered Native American weapons Used there own beliefs against them Spanish soldiers had superior military training compared to the Native Americans

The Encomienda System Definition: system that gave settlers the right to tax local Native Americans or force them to work. In Exchange, these settlers were supposed to protect the Native Americans and convert them to Christianity. Lead to the enslavement and death of countless Native Americans Many plantations begin to develop.

Primary Source P. 51 How did Las Casa's view of the treatment of Native American groups differ from the views of the other Spaniards?

Northwest Passage A sailing route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean to reach Asia by sailing North around North America. Many European sailors tried to find it. It does not exist

The Middle Passage and African Diaspora As European settlements develop and start plantations, their need for a larger labor force (workers) increases African Trading Empires sell slaves to the Europeans to take to the Americas The route taken to bring the enslaved Africans to the Americas was known as the Middle Passage The forced scattering of African people throughout the world is called the African Diaspora

The Middle Passage Turn Textbook to P. 62 and 63