Rule of Augustus.

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Presentation transcript:

Rule of Augustus

Octavian changed name to Augustus 1st Roman Emperor Didn’t like title and kept assem., gov. officials, and Senate Strengthened Authority Control of army: soldiers swore allegiance to him Took charge of daily business & hired everyone

Made natural frontiers as boundaries Conquered Greece & Egypt Governing Existing Empire Long terms & salaries, created census for taxes Strict laws, 1st police & library Achievements Peace to Rome Patriotism & pride Roman citizenship Reorganized Gov.

Pax Romana (200 years of peace) Trade No tariffs or taxes on imported goods Shipping became big Manufacturing center Law Judges helped by Juris Prudentes (special lawyers & judges) Created laws fair to all All were innocent to proven guilty Law was standardized (same in all parts)

Daily Life Most lived in the city Poor – islands Rich lived in Domus Little housing, expensive, pollution, crime Poor – islands Apartments 6 or 7 stories Rich lived in Domus Vestibulum And Fauces Atrium And Ala Tablinum Peristylium

Family Father was the head Up until 12, boys & girls went to school After 12: Rich boys: formal education 15 went to rhetoric school Rich girls: private tutor Better off than men

Colosseum and Gladiators Colosseum aka: Flavian Amphitheatre Built under Vespasian & finished under Titus Holds up to 50,000 people

Most gladiators were slaves, prisoners of war, criminals, or the poor. Could fight with others, groups, and animals. Trained in schools Well fed but tremendous discipline Fights started in the afternoons Could appeal to the emperor to stay alive Beast Shows Animals vs. animals, man vs. animal Women & children for political and religious views

Circus Maximus Place for chariot races Held 60,000 to 200,000 Ran 7 laps Only racing companies drove chariots

Roman Theater Preferred comedies Famous playwrights: Plautus and Terence Similar to modern comic operas Given in morning and lasted 2 hours Men played women’s parts

People talked & shouted throughout Built at foot of hill People talked & shouted throughout Marcellus Odeum at Pompeii

Fall of the Roman Empire By 476 A.D. there was no empire left Reasons For the Fall of Rome Political Absence of a written rule for inheriting the throne

Economic Foreign Enemies Higher taxes in order to pay the army Inflation: increasing prices since $ began to lose value Foreign Enemies Rome’s frontiers open to attack German hunters and Central Europe herders began invading Greece & Gaul

Diocletian 284 AD – 305 AD Fortified frontiers to stop invasions Established Rule by Divine Right Emperor’s power & right to rule came from Gods Divided power of empire into 2 parts Western & Eastern

Constantine I - 305 to 337 AD Had to follow trade of father Caused wealthy to move to country Moved capitol east to Constantinople (Turkey)

End of an Empire Huns (Mongolia) were threatening the Germans Germans crossed Danube River Defeated Romans in Battle of Adrianople w/ use of iron stirrups 406 AD – Germans crossed over Rhine River into Gaul 410 AD – Alaric, Germanic chief, sacked Rome