Chapter 1: Physical Geography Geography is the study of where things are found on Earth’s surface and the interaction of physical and human features.

Objectives: CONTENT: review world map ids and identify the five themes of geography. LANGUAGE: Describe Kennett using the five themes of geography. Things to think about: How do geographers describe where things are? Why is each point on Earth unique? Why are different places similar? Why are some human actions not sustainable?

Two Main Types of Geography • Physical Geography – Topography – Climate – Flora, Fauna & soil • Human Geography – Culture – Population – Economic – Political – Urban & rural 2

Five Themes of Geography In the 1980s the National Geographic Society created the Five Themes of Geography Location: absolute (latitude/longitude) & relative location. Place: the distinctive physical and human characteristics of a place. What is it like? Movement: the mobility of people, goods and ideas over time and distance. Regions: an area that displays a selected criteria-one or more distinctive characteristics. What is it part of? Human-Environmental Interaction: how people interact with their environment. How do people adapt or change it?

Global grid system

Geographic Grid (total of 360º) A system of imaginary lines drawn in a grid pattern on Earth’s surface. Meridians are drawn from the N. & S. poles. Each is numbered, according to … Longitude: Values range from 0º (prime meridian) to 180º (international date line) east or west. Parallels are drawn parallel to the equator. Each is numbered, according to a system of Latitude: Values range from 0º (equator) to 90º north or south. Longitude values are assigned east or west based on whether they are east or west of the prime meridian. Latitude values are assigned north or south based on whether they are north or south of the equator.

The International Date Line is located at 180º longitude. Telling Time Earth as a sphere is divided into 360º of longitude divide into 24 time zones that equals roughly 15º. Each 15º band of longitude is assigned to a standard time zone. The International Date Line is located at 180º longitude. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is… Located at the prime meridian (0º longitude). Passes through Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England

Position deviates from 180º longitude at times to accommodate various nearby nation-states FIGURE 1-11 TIME ZONES The United States and Canada share four standard time zones: • Eastern, near 75° west, is 5 hours earlier than GMT. • Central, near 90° west, is 6 hours earlier than GMT. • Mountain, near 105° west, is 7 hours earlier than GMT. • Pacific, near 120° west, is 8 hours earlier than GMT. The United States has two additional standard time zones: • Alaska, near 135° west, is 9 hours earlier than GMT. • Hawaii-Aleutian, near 150° west, is 10 hours earlier than GMT. Canada has two additional standard time zones: • Atlantic, near 60° west, is 4 hours earlier than GMT. • Newfoundland is 3½ hours earlier than GMT; the residents of Newfoundland assert that their island, which lies between 53° and 59° west longitude, would face dark winter afternoons if it were in the Atlantic Time Zone and dark winter mornings if it were 3 hours earlier than GMT.

World Map Quiz Friday, September 1. Upcoming Dates World Map Quiz Friday, September 1. Applying the Five Themes of Geography project research on Tuesday 9/5 Google slides Wednesday 9/6 Submit & present Fri. 9/8 CONTENT: review world map ids and identify the five themes of geography. LANGUAGE: Describe Kennett using the five themes of geography.

Describe Kennett High School using the five themes of geography Describe Kennett High School using the five themes of geography. Discuss with a partner.