Aim: How do we illustrate feeding relationships and trace the path of energy in a marine ecosystem?

Food Webs Food chains and food webs show the flow of energy through an ecosystem or “what eats what” 2

Food Webs Energy – the ability to cause change Different organisms have different ways of obtaining energy Heterotrophs Autotrophs 3

Consumers (Heterotrophs) Organisms are divided into Categories Organisms Consumers (Heterotrophs) Producers (plants)

Producers Autotrophs are plants “self-feeders” Photosynthetic organisms They automatically make their own food and produce food energy for most all other living things

-Phytoplankton form the basis of the marine food web -Why the ocean is green in color 6

Consumers Can’t make their own food (heterotrophs) Types of consumers: Herbivores: eats only plants Carnivores: eats only animals Omnivores: eats both

Order of consumers Must acquire food by consuming other organisms Primary consumers Secondary consumers Tertiary consumers

Primary consumers herbivores that consume producers examples are terrestrial insects, snails, grazing fish, seed-eating birds

Secondary consumers These are the carnivores/omnivores Eat primary consumers examples of this group include frogs, insects-eating birds, many fish

Tertiary consumers These are the carnivores that eat other carnivores Eat secondary consumers

Decomposers Decomposers – feed on decaying matter, break it down chemically Make nutrients available to plants so it can cycle through food web again

Energy transfer illustrate in an Energy Pyramid 3’ Consumers 2’ Consumers Energy Flow 1’ Consumers Producers

Food Chains Shows feeding relationships among organisms The transfer of energy from one organism to another is illustrated in a food chain

Food Webs Many interconnected food chains that show the feeding relationships among producers, consumers, and decomposers

Create a food web!

Why is biodiversity important? What happens If insecticide Is sprayed? All living things are interdependent on one another

Aim: How does symbiosis in the ocean occur?

Symbiotic Relationships Close interaction b/w species where one lives in or on the other Three different types of symbiotic relationships Can you think of one? 1. Parasitism 2. Mutualism 3. Commensalism

1. Parasitism One organism obtains its food at the expense of another organism…the host (+,-)

http://www. youtube. com/watch. v=QQWgUht-ObI http://www. youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQWgUht-ObI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mh20L7eX_wU&feature=related

2. Mutualism Both organisms benefit form the symbiotic relationship Clown fish in anemone (+,+)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YNmCazkXJWQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_LDExXoFvvQ&feature=PlayList&p=9C0676C7F78C3DBC&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=9

3. Commensalism One organism benefits, while the other is not harmed or helped. (+,0) By lodging on the whale, barnacles are transported to new sources of food.) The presence of barnacle populations does not appear to hamper or enhance the survival of the animals carrying them.