Biochemistry Study of chemical composition and reactions occurring in living matter Inorganic Compounds Do not contain carbon Exceptions - CO2, CO, bicarbonates Water is the most abundant and important inorganic material, making up 60% - 80% of all cells and 2/3 of body weight Identify the important facts regarding inorganic molecules.

Organic Compounds Contain the element carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Carbon is found in things that are or once were living. Carbon atoms share electrons to form covalent bonds. Have students differentiate between organic and inorganic compounds.

Organic Compounds Organic compounds are composed of hundreds to thousands of individual molecules. The single molecules in a polymer are called monomers. The images at the bottom are examples of monomers. Explain to the students that fructose is a simple sugar. The string of beads are also an example of monomers. As the beads are all the same in the string.

Organic Compounds The long molecules formed by repeating patterns of monomers are called polymers. Compare the structure of the monomers to the polymers. Use the InterWrite tablet to identify the bonds for students.

How organic molecules are formed Organic molecules are formed by dehydration synthesis an –OH is removed from one molecule and an –H is removed from the other molecule forming a molecule of water The atoms that have open bonds are then joined by a covalent bond

Dehydration Synthesis

How bonds are broken Bonds in large molecules are broken to form smaller molecules in a process called hydrolysis Hydrolysis is the process where a molecule of water is added An –OH is added to one molecule and an –H is added to the other molecule resulting in the formation of 2 stable molecules

Hydrolysis Bonds are broken by adding a molecule of water

Dehydration Synthesis and Hydrolysis

Functional Groups A functional group is a group of atoms that characterize the structure of a family of organic compounds. Functional groups determine many of the properties of organic compounds. 3 Types to Know: Amine (NH2), Carboxyl (COOH), Hydroxyl (OH). Use the interactive links to show the diagrams of each functional group.

N-H2 Amine Group Functional Groups Use InterWrite tablet to a place circle around the functional group. Functional Groups

COOH Carboxyl Group Functional Groups Identify the double bonds, in the carboxyl group. Functional Groups

OH Hydroxyl Group Functional Groups Circle the hydroxyl group in the sugar molecule. Use the InterWrite tablets. Functional Groups

Macromolecules 4 Types of Organic Compounds or macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Essential to maintaining life processes: cell function, storage, energy, homeostasis and genetic information. Students are to list all of the reasons why macromolecules are essential to life on their Cornell note sheet. Please allow time for this.