Bell Ringer Why do time zones exist? What are some landforms in Russia you remember? What is chernozem? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7RnIinohFQ

Geography of Russia Chapter 15 Section 1 (pg. 344-349)

I. Outstanding Figures Russia and the Republics occupy three times the land area of the U.S. (1/6 of earth’s land surface) In two continents, with 11 times zones Lake Baikal is deepest lake in world at 5,715 ft (more than a mile!)

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Divide north into 4 areas, west to east The Northern European Plain West Siberian Plain Central Siberian Plateau Russian Far East Southern Landforms Rivers and Lakes Regional Resources

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Divide north into 4 areas, west to east The Northern European Plain Extensive lowland area (1000 miles, west to Ural Mountains) Most fertile soil: Chernozem (black earth) 75% of population Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kiev West Siberian Plain Central Siberian Plateau Russian Far East

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Divide north into 4 areas, west to east Northern European Plain West Siberian Plain Ural Mountains, divides Europe and Asia (debate over a single Eurasia) Central Siberian Plateau Russian Far East

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Divide north into 4 areas, west to east Northern European Plain West Siberian Plain Central Siberian Plateau Plateaus average height 1,000-2,000 feet Russian Far East East of Lena River Volcanic ranges Kamchatka Peninsula

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Southern Landforms The Caucasus and Other Mountains Caucasus Mountains separate Black and Caspian seas Form border of Russia and Transcaucasia (region of republics including Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia) The Turban Plain Rivers and Lakes Regional Resources

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Southern Landforms The Caucasus and Other Mountains Central Asia: region that includes republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan Ranges high enough that moist air is prevented from entering region, creating arid climate The Turban Plain Rivers and Lakes Regional Resources

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Southern Landforms The Caucasus and Other Mountains The Turban Plain Extensive lowland, very dry Kara Kum and Kyrzyl Kum (large deserts) Rivers and Lakes Regional Resources

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Southern Landforms Rivers and Lakes Drainage Basins and Rivers DB: area drained by a major river and its tributaries Main basin is Arctic, Caspian, Pacific, Baltic, Black and Aral Three powerful rivers: Ob, Yenisey, and Lena, drain area of 3 million square miles Volga River, longest in Europe: its 2300 miles carry 60% of river traffic to Caspian Sea Lakes Lake Baikal Regional Resources

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Southern Landforms Rivers and Lakes Drainage Basins and Rivers Lakes Caspian and Aral (largest lake contenders on planet) Caspian is 750 miles Lake Baikal Regional Resources

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Southern Landforms Rivers and Lakes Drainage Basins and Rivers Lakes Lake Baikal Crown jewel, deepest lake in world Stretches 400 miles 20% of world’s fresh water supply Regional Resources

II. Landforms and Resources Northern Landforms Southern Landforms Rivers and Lakes Regional Resources Wealth of natural resources (coal, iron, metals, petroleum) Transporting over harsh, distant locations Siberia: frigid arctic and subarctic region